Industrial Cities: The influence of economy on urbanization

What is engels trying to do?

trying to say that cities are a creation of capitalism that subject working people to threat of starvation. critiquing capitalism, criticizing the wealthy.

How is he doing it ?

walked around the cities and described what she saw, used imagery thick description.

conclusion

if you don’t address how working class is treated, it threatens human innovation.

The Emergence of the Industrial City

attributed to new mechanization of manufacturing, resulted in huge increases in the production of goods and overall economic output.

push factors

concentrated that land in the hands of a few owners, leaving others landless.

What is concentration of people means?

an increasing awareness that people live in a “society” with “social” issues.

Who documented the impacts of the industrial revolution on the working class?

Jacob Riis

What did we get from Rii’s jorunalism?

a view of the “other half” targeting the wealthy philanthropic class.

a documentation of the differences withing “the other half”

the presence of enclaves, the different economic functions of these, inequality between racial and ethnic groups.

a variety of different types of “data”

photos, qualitative description, floor plans and visual representations, quantative data.

Who studied early settlement houses in england and brought the idea to the U.S.?

Jane Addams.

Early social scientist

used a combination of observations, surveys, and statistics to study social conditions.

What did engels observe?

poor conditions of the working class, “concealment” of those poor conditions form upper class, many of the same observations of Jacob Riis and Jane Addams.

The connections he made

tied the spatial configurations of cities to the larger economic system.

Centralization..

spatial centralization and centralization of capital

second part of centralization

segregation

The industrial needs of factories created the need to:

create labor in cities, create roads and transportation system that could move goods through the city.

The land market in cities:

created a gradation of values for land, lower class people left to live, same roads and transportation system that moved goods also allowed upper class people to move around the city in such a way that they did not see the living conditions of the working class people.

ultimate conclusions

industrial cities result of capitalism, attempts to solve the problem of cities.