Citizenship Training, DRRM, Environmental Science, and National Security Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering Philippine Constitutions, Citizenship, Flag Code, Drug Prevention Education, DRRM, Environmental Science, and National Security Policy based on lecture notes.

Constitution

The basic principles and laws of a nation, state, or social group that determine the powers and duties of the government and guarantee certain rights to the people in it.

1899 Malolos Constitution

The first democratic constitution in Asia, promulgated by President Emilio Aguinaldo on January 21, 1899, which established the First Philippine Republic.

Felipe Calderón y Roca

The primary drafter of the 1899 Malolos Constitution who drew inspiration from Latin American and European constitutions.

1935 Constitution of the Philippines

The fundamental law that established the Commonwealth of the Philippines as a transitional government to prepare the nation for independence from the United States after ten years.

Tydings–McDuffie Act

The United States law under whose authority the 1935 Philippine Constitution was created and signed.

1943 Constitution

The supreme law of the Japanese-sponsored Second Philippine Republic during World War II, drafted under President Jose P. Laurel.

KALIBAPI

Kapisanan sa Paglilingkod sa Bagong Pilipinas; the organization that drafted the 1943 Philippine Constitution during the Japanese occupation.

1973 Constitution

The Philippine constitution proclaimed in effect on January 17, 1973, which replaced the presidential system with a modified parliamentary system under President Ferdinand Marcos.

Batasang Pambansa

The unicameral National Assembly established under the 1973 Constitution to replace the bicameral Congress.

1986 Freedom Constitution

A temporary, transitional charter promulgated by President Corazon Aquino via Proclamation No. 3 on March 25, 1986, following the People Power Revolution.

1987 Philippine Constitution

The supreme law of the Philippines, drafted in 133 days by an appointed Constitutional Commission and ratified via a nationwide plebiscite on February 2, 1987.

Bill of Rights (Article III)

Article III of the 1987 Philippine Constitution, containing 22 sections that protect individual civil, political, and economic liberties against government overreach.

Civil Service Commission (CSC)

The constitutional body that serves as the centralized personnel agency of the Philippine government across all branches and subdivisions.

Commission on Elections (COMELEC)

The independent constitutional body mandated to enforce and administer all election laws, register political parties, and supervise polls in the Philippines.

Commission on Audit (COA)

The independent constitutional body that examines, audits, and settles all accounts pertaining to government revenue and expenditures.

Article XI (1987 Constitution)

The article governing Accountability of Public Officers, declaring that public office is a public trust and officers must serve with utmost responsibility and integrity.

Article XII (1987 Constitution)

The article outlining National Economy and Patrimony, mandating state ownership of natural resources and restricting public utilities primarily to 60% Filipino-owned corporations.

Article XIII (1987 Constitution)

The article on Social Justice and Human Rights, mandating Congress to reduce socioeconomic inequalities and establishing the independent Commission on Human Rights (CHR).

Republic Act 8491

Known as the Flag and Heraldic Code of the Philippines, enacted on February 12, 1998, to govern the design, display, and respectful treatment of national symbols.

National Motto of the Philippines

Defined under Section 40 of R.A. 8491 as "MAKA-DIYOS, MAKA-TAO, MAKAKALIKASAN AT MAKABANSA".

Right to Suffrage

The fundamental human right to vote, exercised in clean, orderly, and honest elections to select leaders and determine government direction.

ASEAN Training Center for Preventive Drug Education

Center established in 1979 at the UP College of Education in Diliman, Quezon City, dedicated to promoting unified preventive drug education across ASEAN nations.

W.I.I.F.M.

Stands for "What's In It For Me?", a core communication concept assuming that individuals evaluate rules, changes, or requests based on personal impact.

National Anti-Drug Plan of Action (NADPA)

The Philippine government's strategic blueprint designed to combat illegal drug trafficking, abuse, and manufacturing, overseen by the Dangerous Drugs Board.

Philippine Anti-Illegal Drugs Strategy (PADS)

National blueprint instituted via Executive Order No. 66 in 2018 providing a comprehensive, whole-of-nation approach to drug abuse and trafficking.

Dangerous Drugs Board (DDB)

The primary policy-making and strategy-formulating government body for drug prevention and control in the Philippines.

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)

Global agency established in 1997 that assists countries in fighting illicit drugs, organized crime, anti-corruption, and international terrorism.

Limbic System

A group of connected structures deep inside the brain that controls physical coordination, emotions, motivation, memory, and basic survival drives.

Prefrontal Cortex

The front part of the brain's frontal lobe that controls reasoning, organization, prioritizing, and impulse control, reaching full maturity around age 25.

Medicine Misuse

The use of prescription or over-the-counter medication for a purpose or in a manner that is inconsistent with medical guidelines.

Medicine Abuse

The intentional and ongoing use of medication without a prescription to chase a euphoric state or "feel high."

Substance Use Disorder (SUD)

A chronic, relapsing brain disease characterized by compulsive substance seeking and use despite harmful consequences.

New Psychoactive Substances (NPS)

Substances of abuse in pure form or preparation that are not controlled by 1961 or 1971 UN conventions but pose a public health threat.

Methamphetamine Hydrochloride (Shabu)

The most abused illegal drug in the Philippines, a white crystalline powder locally known as "poor man's cocaine" or "ice."

Republic Act No. 9165

Known as the Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002, approved on June 07, 2002, which repealed Republic Act No. 6425.

Youth Participation Cycle in Prevention

A 5-stage continuous process for youth involvement in prevention programming, consisting of: Identify Issue, Initiate and Plan, Implement, Participate, and Evaluate.

The Etiology Model

A framework used to explain the origins and causes of substance use and addiction by examining interacting risk factors across personal characteristics, micro/macro environments, genetics, and beliefs.

Theory of Planned Behavior

A psychological model linking beliefs (attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control) to behavioral intention, which ultimately determines behavior.

Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM)

The systematic process of using administrative directives, organizations, operational skills, and policies to reduce adverse impacts of hazards and prevent disasters.

Republic Act 10121

Enacted on May 10, 2010, the law that strengthens the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management System and establishes its national framework.

National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC)

The highest policy-making and coordinating body for DRRM in the Philippines, chaired by the Secretary of National Defense (DND).

Office of Civil Defense (OCD)

The government agency that serves as the executive arm and secretariat of the NDRRMC.

Disaster

A serious disruption of a community or society involving widespread human, material, economic, or environmental losses that exceeds its ability to cope using its own resources.

Hazard

A dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity, or condition that may cause loss of life, injury, property damage, loss of livelihood, or environmental damage.

Vulnerability

The characteristics and circumstances of a community, system, or asset that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard.

Exposure

The presence of people, property, facilities, livelihoods, and other assets in areas subject to potential hazard occurrences.

Capacity

The combination of strengths, attributes, and resources available within a community to anticipate, cope with, respond to, and recover from hazards.

Disaster Risk Formula

Mathematical relation expressing disaster risk as $\text{Risk} = \frac{\text{Hazard} \times \text{Vulnerability} \times \text{Exposure}}{\text{Capacity}}$.

Tropical Cyclone

An intense low-pressure weather disturbance with sustained winds of at least 30 km/h rotating counterclockwise in the West Pacific.

Focus (Hypocenter)

The exact location beneath the Earth's surface where an earthquake's seismic energy is first released.

Epicenter

The point on the Earth's surface directly vertically above the hypocenter or focus of an earthquake.

Magnitude

A quantitative measure of the total seismic energy released at the focus of an earthquake, calculated from seismograph records.

Intensity

A qualitative assessment of the observed effects and shaking strength experienced from an earthquake at a specific location.

Liquefaction

A ground failure phenomenon where saturated, loose sediment temporarily loses strength and behaves like a liquid during intense earthquake shaking.

EDITH

Stands for "Exit Drills In The House," a safety practice designed to familiarize household members with emergency evacuation exits.

Four DRRM Thematic Areas

The four pillars of DRRM: Prevention & Mitigation (led by DOST), Preparedness (led by DILG), Response & Early Recovery (led by DSWD), and Rehabilitation & Recovery (led by NEDA).

Seven Environmental Principles

Core axioms associated with Barry Commoner guiding human environmental interaction: Everything is connected, All life forms are important, Everything goes somewhere, Earth is finite, Nature knows best, Humans are stewards, and Everything changes.

Ecological Niche

The specific functional role, position, or occupation that an organism holds within its ecosystem.

Biodiversity

The variety of all life forms on Earth, categorized into ecosystem diversity, species diversity, and genetic diversity.

Sustainable Development

Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs, defined in the Brundtland Report (1987).

Ecological Solid Waste Management

Systematic administration of waste activities including source segregation, storage, transfer, processing, treatment, and disposal without causing environmental harm.

Composting

The controlled biological decomposition of organic waste into nutrient-rich organic soil conditioner.

The 4Rs

Waste management hierarchy consisting of Refuse (avoid unnecessary purchases), Reduce (decrease waste creation), Reuse (use items repeatedly), and Recycle (process waste into new items).

Republic Act 9003

Known as the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000, establishing institutional mechanisms and waste management guidelines in the Philippines.

Republic Act 8749

Known as the Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999, providing a comprehensive policy for air pollution control.

Republic Act 9275

Known as the Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004, establishing a comprehensive strategy for water quality management.

National Security Policy (NSP) 2023–2028

The Philippines' strategic 5-year security blueprint approved under Executive Order No. 37 to address traditional and non-traditional threats.

National Security Council (NSC)

Body created in 1950 via Executive Order No. 330 under President Elpidio Quirino that serves as the President's principal advisory council on national security.

Whole-of-Nation Approach

A collaborative strategy requiring coordinated participation across national government agencies, LGUs, private sector, civil society, and citizens to achieve national objectives.