ANDRA M2-E

method

a broader concept than a

technique

method

refers to a set of principles that

define the concept of access to knowledge as

well as technical specifications of training

provision.

technique

a practical

educational tool,

technique

means by which the

educational method is applied

Noye & Piveteau, 1999

In practice, a

training method is implemented by using

varioustechniques

Methods of presentation

fast and

comprehensive provision of information

Methods of presentation

difficulty to bring into action critical thinking

of learners and relevance of teaching objects

with other content or knowledge-danger for

passive learners.

Instruction methods

the trainer organizes

Participatory methods

developing interaction

between instructors and learners

Heuristic methods

by which the trainees

elaborate tasks and discover knowledge

Interrogative methods

helping learners to

discover what the instructors want to teach

Active methods

combining action with

consideration

Exploration and application methods

inquiry

approach

Enriched Presentation

enhanced version of lecture or presentation using interaction,

visuals, and active involvement.

Enriched Presentation

Provides structure and clarity.

Enriched Presentation

Can engage learners if improved with interactive elements.

Enriched Presentation

requires preparation, connection, delivery, and engagement

Preparation

Mastery of content and clarity of objectives

Connection

Relate goals to learners’ needs and experiences

Delivery

Speak clearly, maintain confidence, and use

nonverbal cues.

Engagement

Start with a “hook”

“hook”

a question, story, or

surprising fact.

Enriched Presentation

Use humor, analogies, and

real-world examples.

Enriched Presentation

Incorporate audiovisual

aids

Enriched Presentation

Avoid jargon and maintain

professional appearance

Enriched Presentation

Enriched Presentation

Pose occasional

challenges or polls

Questions/Answers and

Discussion

Interactive dialogue that enhances

comprehension and reflection

Questions/Answers and

Discussion

Involve all learners

Q and A

Brief, immediate feedback

Discussion

Broader, deeper exploration of

issues.

Brainstorming Technique

Encourages creativity and cooperation through spontaneous

idea sharing.

Brainstorming Technique

No criticism during idea generation;

Brainstorming Technique

trainer records all inputs

neutrally.

Brainstorming Technique

Ideas are later categorized and synthesized for discussion.

Brainstorming Technique

•Builds confidence and participation.

Brainstorming Technique

•Stimulates new perspectives.

Brainstorming Technique

•Can drift off-topic if not moderated.

Working in Groups

Learners collaborate in small teams (3–5 members)

to perform a task or analyze a problem

Working in Groups

•Builds communication and teamwork

Working in Groups

•Encourages peer learning and critical thinking

Working in Groups

•Promotes mutual support

Case Study Method

Real or hypothetical problem-solving activity.

Case Study Method

Case Study Method

•Strengthens analytical and decision-making skills.

Case Study Method

•Encourages collaborative discussion

Case Study Method

•Promotes transformation of attitudes and behavior.

Role Playing

Acting out real-life roles to

understand behaviors, reactions, and

perspectives.

Role Playing

Develops self-awareness and empathy.

Role Playing

used for communication skills

Role Playing

used for Negotiation and conflict resolution

Simulation

Learners engage in a structured,

realistic situation but without “acting.”

Simulation

Builds analytical and strategic thinking.

Simulation

Closer to real-life problem-solving than role

play.

Interviewing Specialists

Learning through direct interaction with experts