Solids, Liquids and Gases
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7 Terms
Solid
Regular arrangement
Fixed shape
They vibrate
High density
Strong force of attraction
Liquid
Irregular arrangement
Take the shape of the bottom of their container
They slide around each other
Force of attraction is weaker
Gas
Irregular arrangement
Fill the entire container
They bounce off each other and the walls of their container
Move freely and randomly
Weak/no forces of attraction
What happens to solids when heated?
The particles are taking energy from their surroundings. This causes the particles to vibrate more and more further apart.
How does melting/boiling occur?
By adding enough energy allows the particles to overcome the intermolecular forces holding them together.
How does cooling/condensing occur?
If you remove energy, the particles don’t have enough energy to resist the intermolecular forces pulling them together.
Drawbacks of the particle model
Particle sizes aren’t shown
Distance between particles aren’t shown
Forces of attraction aren’t shown