unit 2 division, growth conditions, transport

Corynebacterium matruchotii

elongates at one pole and septates many at once

Ftz complex

microtubule treadmilling that anchors pg synthesis enzymes

min C

inhibits Ftz and Zip at the poles, min D is the membrane bound activator

min E

Forms a barrier that blocks min C from spreading past halfway

Slm A

binds to chromosome at SBS and prevents division guillotine

2 ways hyperthermophiles survive

specific amino acid sequences to prevent s-s, reverse gyrase winds DNA into supercoils

1 way halophiles survive

ion pumps efflux sodium, influx potassium

Halomonas titanicae

uses ectoine as an osmolyte to maintain water concentration

How do bacteria protect from oxygen

Superoxide dismutase (sod A), catalase (KatF)

Deinococcus radiodurans

multiple chromosomes per cell, nucleoid compacted into torus

TRAP transporters

substrate binding protein, NA symport

PTS

transport molecule is chemically modified

Salmonella enterica serotype typhi

Siderophores avoid host immune inactivation

Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus

intracellular predator, Type IV pilli to inject and pull itself into host

Sec, generalized secretion

ATP, proteins have a signal sequence, secretes membrane proteins that can be cleaved and released

TAT

H+ gradient,

Type II, generalized out pathway

ATP, G- only, secretes through outer membrane

Type III

H+, Needle complex, secretes into host cell

Yersinia pestis

Bubonic plague, type III pili, toxin never exposed to immune system

Type I

ATP, only for 1 protein, folds outside the cell

ABC exporters

ATP, typically metals, LPS, capsule, polysaccharides

MFS

H+, G- only, exports fatty acids, metals, bile

MATE

antibiotics and toxins

RND

H+, G-, antibiotics, metals

PACE

H+, antibiotics

SMR

H+, antibiotics

Of the six major protein families of bacterial efflux pumps we discussed, which require ATP hydrolysis to power transport? Check all that apply. 

ABC

Bacterial extracellular vesicles are homogeneous. 

False

Of the six major protein families of bacterial efflux pumps we discussed, which utilize a proton motive force to power transport?

PACE, MFS, SMR

What is the role of autolysins in bEV production? 

Remodels the peptidoglycan to allow the bEV to escape

RND efflux pumps are

Found only in Gram negative bacteria

These efflux pumps are known to pump out antibiotics

MATE, PACE, SMR, RND

Bacterial extracellular vesicles are only produced from the Gram negative outer membrane. 

False

These export systems are known to transport lipopolysaccharide in Gram negative cells.

MATE