9th Grade Unit 2- Reactions

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25 Terms

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Acid

any substance that in water tastes sour, changes blue litmus paper to red, reacts with some metals to liberate hydrogen, reacts with bases to form salts, and promotes chemical reactions

<p>any substance that in water tastes sour, changes blue litmus paper to red, reacts with some metals to liberate hydrogen, reacts with bases to form salts, and promotes chemical reactions</p>
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Base

any substance that in water is slippery to the touch, tastes bitter, changes red litmus paper blue, reacts with acids to form salts, and promotes certain chemical reactions

<p>any substance that in water is slippery to the touch, tastes bitter, changes red litmus paper blue, reacts with acids to form salts, and promotes certain chemical reactions</p>
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pH scale

a scale that measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, or how acidic or basic it is

<p>a scale that measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, or how acidic or basic it is</p>
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Solvent

a substance, ordinarily a liquid, in which other materials dissolve to form a solution....water is a universal solvent

<p>a substance, ordinarily a liquid, in which other materials dissolve to form a solution....water is a universal solvent</p>
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Solute

The substance that is dissolved in a solution.

Ex. Salt

<p>The substance that is dissolved in a solution. </p><p>Ex. Salt</p>
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Solubility curve

a graph that shows the relationship between the solubility of a substance and the temperature of the solvent

<p>a graph that shows the relationship between the solubility of a substance and the temperature of the solvent</p>
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homogeneous mixture

A mixture that looks the same throughout; a solution

<p>A mixture that looks the same throughout; a solution</p>
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Heterogeneous mixture

a mixture that you can see the individual parts

<p>a mixture that you can see the individual parts</p>
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Solution

a mixture in which one substance is dissolved in another

<p>a mixture in which one substance is dissolved in another</p>
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Precipitate

a solid that forms in a solution as a result of a chemical reaction

<p>a solid that forms in a solution as a result of a chemical reaction</p>
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Combustion

rapid chemical combination of a substance with oxygen, involving the production of heat and light

<p>rapid chemical combination of a substance with oxygen, involving the production of heat and light</p>
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Flammability

a material is flammable if it ignites easily

<p>a material is flammable if it ignites easily</p>
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Ductility

the ability of a material to be stretched into thin wire

<p>the ability of a material to be stretched into thin wire</p>
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Malleability

the ability of a material to be pounded into flat sheets

<p>the ability of a material to be pounded into flat sheets</p>
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Tarnish

a discoloration or dulling of a metal due to a chemical reaction

<p>a discoloration or dulling of a metal due to a chemical reaction</p>
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Rusting

corrosion that occurs when iron or steel reacts with oxygen and water

<p>corrosion that occurs when iron or steel reacts with oxygen and water</p>
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Coefficient

A number in front of a chemical formula to show how many molecules or atoms of a substance are involved in a reaction

<p>A number in front of a chemical formula to show how many molecules or atoms of a substance are involved in a reaction</p>
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Subscript

A number that appears below an element's symbol in a chemical formula. It indicates the number of atoms of that element in the molecule.

<p>A number that appears below an element's symbol in a chemical formula. It indicates the number of atoms of that element in the molecule.</p>
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Yield

the amount of product obtained from a chemical reaction

<p>the amount of product obtained from a chemical reaction</p>
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reactant

The starting materials in a chemical reaction. They are written on the left side of a chemical equation's reaction arrow.

<p>The starting materials in a chemical reaction. They are written on the left side of a chemical equation's reaction arrow.</p>
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Product

the results of a chemical reaction, and they are written on the right side of the equation's reaction arrow.

<p>the results of a chemical reaction, and they are written on the right side of the equation's reaction arrow.</p>
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Law of Conservation of Matter

Matter cannot be created or destroyed; it only changes form. The matter you start with is the same amount of matter you end up with.

<p>Matter cannot be created or destroyed; it only changes form. The matter you start with is the same amount of matter you end up with.</p>
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Displacement reaction (or replacement reaction)

a chemical reaction where a more reactive element displaces, or pushes out a less reactive element from a compound that contains a less reactive element

<p>a chemical reaction where a more reactive element displaces, or pushes out a less reactive element from a compound that contains a less reactive element</p>
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Decomposition reaction

a chemical reaction in which one reactant breaks down into 2 or more products

<p>a chemical reaction in which one reactant breaks down into 2 or more products</p>
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Synthesis reaction

a chemical reaction in which 2 reactants form 1 product

<p>a chemical reaction in which 2 reactants form 1 product</p>