Data Science Quiz 1

Data Science

set of fundamental principles that guide the extraction of knowledge from data

Data Mining

extraction of knowledge from data, via technologies that incorporate these principles

Why do we use data mining tools?

allows us to view business problems from a data perspective and understand principles of extracting useful knowledge from data

CRISP-DM

cross industry standard process for data mining

Supervised Learning

data contains some kind of target label that we want to predict given other available information

Unsupervised Learning

examining the underlying structure of the data, not prediction

• clustering

Semi-Supervised

uses a small amount of labeled data combined with a large amount of unlabeled data to train a model

Interpretation

• python

• a line of code is ran line by line

Compilation

• c

• java

• entire program is ran before execution

Immutable Objects

• integers

• floats

• strings

Mutable Objects

• list

• sets

• dictionaries

• arrays

Dictionaries

iterable, unsorted, mutable data structure that stores pairs

similar to maps

Hashable Traits

• quick

• deterministic

• fixed-length output

List/Tuple look-up time

O(n)

Why FP16 Is The Slowest

each element has to be upcasted from 16 to 32 and then downcasted back to 16

hardware doesnt support FP16

What are NaNs caused by

• missing data entries/incomplete data

• floating point issues with computation

• can contaminate aggregate results

• NaN = floats