A&P Quiz 4 (Special Senses)

1

Auricle

• Collects sound waves

2

External auditory meatus

• Carries sound to the tympanic membrane

3

Tympanic membrane

• Vibrates in response to sound

4

Malleus (ossicle)

• Transfers vibrations from the eardrum to the incus

5

Incus (ossicle)

• Transfers vibrations from the malleus to the stapes

6

Stapes (ossicle)

• Transfers vibrations to the inner ear

7

Semicircular canals

• Detect rotational head movements; help maintain balance

8

Cochlea

• Contains receptors for hearing

9

Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)

• Carries hearing and balance information to the brain

10

Eustachian tube (equalizes air pressure from middle ear to throat)

1

Eyelid (palpebrae)

• Protect the eyes and spread tears

2

Cornea

• Transparent front surface; bends incoming light

3

Iris

• Colored portion; controls pupil size

4

Pupil

• Opening that allows light into the eye

5

Sclera

• White outer layer; protects and maintains eye shape

6

Lens

• Focuses light onto the retina

7

Retina

• Contains photoreceptors (rods and cones) that detect light

8

Optic nerve II

• Carries visual information to the brain

9

Lacrimal gland/apparatus

• Produces tears to lubricate and protect the eye

1

Cribiform plate/foramina

• Openings in the ethmoid bone through which olfactory nerve fibers pass

2

Olfactory bulb

• Receives and processes smell information

3

Olfactory nerve (I)

• Carries smell information to the brain

4

Nasal conchae

• Increase surface area and help warm, humidify, and filter air

5

Nares/Nostrils

• Openings through which air enters the nose

6

Frontal sinus

• Located in the frontal bone

7

Ethmoid sinus

• Located between the eyes

8

Maxillary sinus

• Located in the cheekbones/upper jaw

9

Sphenoid sinus

• Located deep behind the nasal cavity

1

Circumvallate papillae

• Large papillae arranged in a V-shaped row near the back of the tongue; contain taste buds

• bitter & umami

2

Fungiform papillae

• Mushroom-shaped papillae scattered across the tongue, especially near the tip and sides; contain taste buds

• sweet, salty, umami

3

Filiform papillae

• Thin, numerous papillae covering most of the tongue; provide friction and generally do not contain taste buds

4

Foliate papillae

• Folds along the sides of the tongue near the back; contain taste buds

• sour bitter

5

Labial frenulum (connects lip to gums)

6

Lingual frenulum (connects the tongue to the floor of the mouth)

Hearing

Cochlea and vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)

Balance

Semicircular canals and vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)

Vision

Retina and optic nerve (II)

Smell (olfaction)

Olfactory receptors and olfactory nerve (I)

Taste (gustation)

Taste buds on papillae and sensory nerves