Introduction to parasites

What are the general features of nematodes

• Roundworms

• Cylindrical

• Radial symmetry

• Range of sizes

• Both free living and parasitic species

Label this diagram of the nematode digestive system

What is this feature of nematodes

Cervical papillae

What is this feature of nematodes

Spicules

What is this feature on nematodes

Vulva flap

How do you differentiate between adult male and female nematodes

• Females have eggs in uterus

• Males are smaller with decorated tails

What are the bursate nematodes

• Trichostrongyloidea

• Strongyloidea

• Metastrongyloidea

What are the non-bursate nematodes

• Ascaridoidea

• Filarioidea

• Trichuroidea

What are platyhelminths also known as

Flatworms

What are the two classes of platyhelminths

• Trematodes - flukes

• Cestodes - tapeworms

What are the general characteristics of trematodes

• Indirect life cycles

• Dorso-ventrally flattened

• Hermaphrodite

• No body cavity

• Tegument

What do trematodes look like

What are the general characteristics of tapeworms

• Segmented

• No gut

• Always parasitic

• Indirect life cycles

• Stage in the intermediate hist

• Hermaphrodite

• Tegument

What do tapeworms look like

What are the features of protozoa

• Eukaryotes

• Single celled organism

• 60,000 species

• Free living and parasitic

What is the cell structure of protozoa

• Defined nucleus

• Cytoplasm

• Endoplasmic reticulum

• Golgi apparatus

• Mitochondria

• Lysosomes

What do protozoa look like

How do protozoa sexually reproduce

Gametes fuse to form a zygote

How do protozoa asexually reproduce

Binary fission and schizogony

What is the locomotion of protozoa

• Gliding

• Flagella

What is trophozoite

Feeding stage

How are protozoa directly transmitted

• Resistant cysts - Giardia

• Active protozoa - Trichomonas

How are protozoa indirectly transmitted

Resistant cysts in flesh - Toxoplasma

Which protozoa is vector borne

Babesia spp