endocrine disorders

type I diabetes findings

polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, weight loss

hyperglycemia findings

hot and dry; weak pulse, fruity odor, ketones

hypoglycemia findings

cool and wet; diaprhoesis, decreased LOC

A1c

measured blood glucose levels over period of 3 months; should be 4-6%

carb counting

1 carb unit = 15g carbs = 1 unit insulin

diabetic ketoacidosis

acute lifethreatning condition

diabetic ketoacidosis findings

hyperglycemia (>330), ketonemia, ketonuria, acidosis

other symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis

Excessive thirst, frequent urination, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, deep, rapid

respirations, abdominal pain and nausea

growth hormone deficiency

inadequate production of secretion of growth hormone resulting in poor growth and short stature

GHD is either

congenital or acquired

GHD clinical cues

Decreased growth rate, short stature, delayed bone age, delayed dentition, delayed sexual

development and drop in height

how is GHD diagnosed

xray of hand or wrist to determine bone age

somatropin

synthetic GH replacement therapy

how is somatropin given

sq injection at bedtime

why is somatropin given at bedtime

when hormones release in largest amount

goal of GDH treatment

improved growth rate = 3-5" of linear growth in first year, then 3" for two more years