Geog Midterm

Whats a Nation, what are some examples?

ppl with common shared identidety, language, ethnicity

ex: german people, palestinians

what defines a state, what are some examples?

organized political entity governing a territory

ex:germany, austria, switzerland.

what is a nation state, examples

government with defines authority over certain area, also ppls have shared identity

japan, iceland, sweden

Devolution, define, examples

power goes to smaller local regions to make their own decisions rather than one large government

in spain(basque and catalona) are historic cites, wanted their own sepereate identity and rules

Balkinization

fragmentation of a region into smalller countries, often hostile

former yugoslovia, divided areas of africa.

genocide

mass killing of ethnic, national, religious groups

serbia bosnia war, stalins rule(soviet union)

colonialism, effects, examples

one nation holds power or controls other outside territories

has effected every area of the world( berlin conference, enslavement, languages, religion)

agrarian revolution

major advancements of agricultural methods and food production(potato)

Industrial revolution

rural to urban shift, smalller family sizes, advancments of industries

Centripitul force

brings people together

religion, shared culture

centrifugal

pulls people apart

religion, cultures

main language groups

one main ancestral roots

germanic, romance, slavic

russification

where non russian populations are forced to adopt russian customs, language, lifestyles in russian areas

what are the 3 monotheastic faiths

judaism

christianity

islam

what are the parts of islam faith

the quoran

5 pillars

prophet mohamed

where is the mesopotania/fertile cresent? what is it

along tigris and euphrates rivers

helped with development of major cities/civilizations and irrigation development

nile river, functions in history and purpose

water, irrigation, engeneering

hyroglphics, 365 day calander, mummification

Desalination

removing salt from water

shiite vs sunni muslims

Shiites: beleive mohamid succesor should be related by blood

sunni: does not have to be blood relative (majority of muslims)

jewish and palistine, what causes division among them? what are the solutions

a jewish state was creates within palistine, divides gaza strip and west bank

one state solution, two state solution

what is OPEC, how do they influence gas prices

organization of petrolium exporting countries

#1 oil exporter, heavy influence on gas prices

why did persian gulf war happen

sadam husein and iraq took over oil in kuwait

this was technic tking oil from US

US leads operation desert storm to drive out husein

what were the impacts of colonialism/berlin conference

division of african countries that divides families, tribes, and peoples

cause of some wars after independence

exploitation of recourses

no african leaders present during division

who organized berlin conference

otto von bismarck, chancelor of germany

what are the main characteristics of the african population

high birth rates, high death rates, low life expectancy

large families

hiv/aids

animism

beleif that non human objects have spirits

apartheid

racial segregation

political, economic, and social division in south africa

Nelson mandella

anti-apartheid revolutionary, former presedent of south africa

proxy war

armed conflicts between two major powers where they are not directly involves (US/USSR/Africa)

Rwandin conflicts

hutus vs tutsis

tutsis favored byy european colonists,

hutus majority drive out tutsis

tutsis respond with mass genocide operation

the 3 gorges dam

largest hydroelectic system on earth

controls yangtze river flooding

negative environmental impacts

Han dynasty

chinese golden age

shaped political, culturual, and ethnic chinese identity

great leap foward, who lead it

peasent farming, private and family cooking, individual farming abolished(mass starvation)

Mao zendong

great proletarian culturul revolution

purge capatistic and turn to communist party, 30 million died

mao zendong

command economy

government controls production, pricing, and distribution of goods and services

market economy

prodction, pricing, and services not determined my government, dictated by supply and demand

one child policy

gov tried to control population'

female infanticide, more abortions, less female population

open door policy

effort to open china to foreign investment

no global manufat=cturing and economic power (hong kong major financial power)

Tibet

buhdist autonomous region, china attempting to inegrate into its own government and cultural influence

Economic dragon

japan, one of asias most developed economies

north/south korea

seperated by DMZ

North korea-totalitarion, backed by china and USSR

South korea- democracy, backed by US

Korean war

proxy war

Kim family members

Kim il sung, kim jong il, kim jong un

spanish influence on phillipines

roman cathocism, spannish surnames, influence on tagalog language

french indochina

vietnam, laos, cambodia (present day vietnam)

indonesia

largest muslim population in the world

vietnam war

proxy war between north(china/USSR) and south vietnam (US

Khmer rougue

high autocratic, totalatarian, repressive regime led by Pol Plot

cambodia

Thailand

never colonized by europe or japan as kingdom of siam

Economic Tigers

asia/economicly developed

hong kong, taiwan, south korea, singapore

factors of rise of islam in indoneasa

trade, intermarriage, missionary work,

phillipines

once spanish colony

only asian cntry with majority catholic besides East Timor