CBE 160 Quiz 2

Where is hydrogen bonding involved in biomolecular interactions?

• C-G and A-T pairs

• alpha and beta sheets

• water molecules in the cell

henderson-hasselbalch equation

Using henderson-hasselbalch equation to find if it is negatively or positively charged

Find the log of the ratio of concentrations at a specific pka, then compare the ratio sizes

What four categories are amino acids classified as

1. positively charged(basic)

2. negatively charged (acidic)

3. polar (neutral hydrophilic)

4. nonpolar (hydrophobic)

Draw out the central dogma and the necessary processes and molecules

Sketch the central dogma with the mutations

Which strand gets copied for transcription?

The template strand

Which way is the template strand read?

From 3’ to 5’ direction

Which direction is the strand after transcription

5’ to 3’

After translation what is the N-terminus and C-terminus

N-terminus is the 5’ end of mRNA and C-terminus is 3’ end but NOT the STOP codon

What part of RNA processing is in eukaryotes but not in prokaryotes

Splicing. Eukaryotes have exons that code for proteins stopped by introns that are non-coding which prokaryotes only have the sequence of the entire protein

Draw out the RNA splicing

What is a silent mutation?

One that changes the mRNA code but the protein stays the same due to redundancy

Does DNA or RNA contain uracil instead of thymine

RNA

Does DNA or RNA directly form a double-stranded structure

DNA

What sequence does the origin of replication have?

A-T is frequent in the origin of replication

What is a primer? Why is it important?

Primer is a sequence around 10 nucleotides of RNA and lets the DNA polymerase attach at the 3’ end of DNA to start synthesizing a new DNA. It is needed for the DNA polymerase to attach and start replication

What is a hydrolysis reaction?

Where a water molecule is consumed to break apart

Where are condensation reactions taking place?

• Amino acids are joined by condensation peptide bonds

• Sugars are linked together to form polysaccharides

• Nucleotides are joined to form phosphodiester bond