Microbiology Lecture Notes

Flashcards covering key concepts related to Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, their characteristics, and metabolic capabilities.

Gram Positive (G+)

Bacteria that retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining procedure.

Catalase Negative

Bacteria that do not produce the enzyme catalase, which breaks down hydrogen peroxide.

Beta Hemolytic

Bacteria that lyse red blood cells completely, leading to a clear zone around colonies on blood agar.

Streptococcus pneumoniae

A type of alpha hemolytic streptococcus known for causing pneumonia.

Enterococcus

Group D streptococci capable of growing in 6.5% NaCl.

Streptococcus agalactiae

Also known as Group B streptococcus, known for its presence in the vaginal flora of some women.

Staphylococcus aureus

A Gram-positive, coagulase-positive bacterium associated with various infections.

Micrococcus

A Gram-positive, catalase-positive cocci, typically found in skin and mucous membranes.

Bacillus anthracis

The causative agent of anthrax, a Gram-positive, spore-forming bacillus.

E. coli

A Gram-negative bacillus often used as a marker for fecal contamination.

Lactobacillus

A genus of bacteria that produce lactic acid from carbohydrates, commonly found in the human microbiota.

Proteus

A genus of Gram-negative bacilli known for its swarming motility and urease production.

Yersinia pestis

The causative agent of the plague, a Gram-negative bacillus.

Methyl Red Test

A test indicating whether a bacterium can perform mixed acid fermentation.

H2S Production

A metabolic process where bacteria produce hydrogen sulfide, indicating certain metabolic functions.