Flash cards

yylex()

The primary scanner function generated by Flex that reads input characters and converts them into tokens.

symlook(char *s)

Searches a symbol table for a given identifier string; if not found, it inserts a new entry into the table.

addfunc(char name, double (func)())

Registers and binds a function pointer to a specific identifier name in the symbol table.

yyerror(char *s)

A standard error reporting routine invoked when a syntax or scanning error is encountered.

socket(int domain, int type, int protocol)

Creates an endpoint for network communication and returns a file descriptor.

setsockopt(int sockfd, int level, int optname, const void *optval, socklen_t optlen)

Manipulates configuration options on a socket, such as allowing local address reuse.

bind(int sockfd, const struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t addrlen)

Assigns a local IP address and port number to a socket.

listen(int sockfd, int backlog)

Marks the socket as passive, ready to accept incoming client requests.

accept(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t *addrlen)

Extracts the first connection request from the queue and creates a new connected socket descriptor.

connect(int sockfd, const struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t addrlen)

Initiates a TCP connection request to a remote listening server socket.

read(int fd, void *buf, size_t count)

Reads data from a file descriptor or connected socket into a memory buffer.

write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count)

Writes data from a memory buffer to a file descriptor or connected socket.

open(const char *pathname, int flags)

Opens a file and returns a new file descriptor.

dup2(int oldfd, int newfd)

Duplicates oldfd onto newfd, redirecting input or output streams.

pipe(int pipefd[2])

Creates a unidirectional data channel for interprocess communication.

fork(void)

Creates an exact duplicate child process.

execvp(const char *file, char *const argv[])

Replaces current process image with a new executable program.

wait(int *status)

Suspends execution of calling process until one of its child processes terminates.

close(int fd)

Closes an open file descriptor, releasing system resource handles.

AF_INET

Constant specifying the IPv4 protocol family.

AF_UNIX

Constant specifying local filesystem communication sockets (UNIX domain sockets) on the local host.

serv_addr.sin_family

Member of struct sockaddr_in that stores the designated address family.

serv_addr.sin_addr

Member structure inside sockaddr_in containing the 32-bit IP address field.

INADDR_ANY

Wildcard IP address constant instructing a server to bind across all available local network interfaces.

htonl(uint32_t hostlong)

Converts a 32-bit integer from the host's native byte order to Network Byte Order.

htons(uint16_t hostshort)

Converts a 16-bit integer from host native byte order to Network Byte Order.