chemistry
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12 Terms
Define concentration
the number of particles within a given volume
how does concentration impact rate of reaction?
higher concentration increases RoR as more particles in a given volume allows for more frequent collisions
how does temperature impact rate of reaction?
RoR increases as temperature is higher as particles gain kinetic energy, they move faster and cause more frequent collisions.
Higher proportion of particles have enough activation energy. More successful collision
why do powdered reactants have a faster RoR than bigger chips?
they have a larger surface area, meaning more immediatly available reactants for collisions.
why do all Rate of Reaction graphs plateu?
the reactions all produce the same amount of products (when same amount of reactant is used) but at different speed
what does the gradient of a Rate of Reaction graph show?
the steeper the line the quicker the RoR was as more product was made in the given time
what are the 3 factors needed for particles to react with eachother?
particles must collide
The colliding particles must have enough kinetic energy to meet or exceed the activation energy
particles must collide in the correct orientation
why do noble gases not react?
they have a full outer shell they do not need to gain, lose , or transfer electrons
why does reactivity increase as you go down group 1?
atomic radius increases as electron shells are gained.
weaker electrostatic force of attraction between OSE and nucleus
more shielding as there are more ISE stronger electrostatic repulsion
OSE is more easily lost forming cation.
why does reactivity decrease as you go down group 7?
atomic radius increases as electron shells are gained.
weaker electrostatic force of attraction between OSE it is trying to gain and nucleus
more shielding between OSE it is trying to gain and ISE
harder to gain a full outer shell / OSE
what are physical properties of alkali metals?
they have low density, soft and are good electronic conductors
why do group 1 elements react similarly?
they all have 1 OSE they are trying to lose/transfer