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Streptococcus pyogenes

-scarlet fever

-strep throat

streptococcus pneumoniae

-pneumonia

-otitis media

Klebsiella pneumoniae

-serious pneumonia

-from overgrowth of microbiota

-not easy to treat

Bordatella pertussis

-whooping cough (pertussis)

-paroxysmal cough-fits of coughing

Haemophilus influenzae

influenza

-pharyngitis-sore throat

-opportunist-attacks people with flu

Yersinia pestis

-pneumonic plague caused from bite from rat flea

-dyspnea, hemoptysis (coughing blood), fever, muscle weakness

-90% fatality rate

Corynebacterium diptheria

-diptheria- a pseudomembrane found in throat or nasal pharynx can cause asphixia

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

tuberculosis

-tubercles form walls for protection and irritate tissue

-caseation- crumbled tissue

-cavitation- the holes

pulmonary tuberculosis

occurs within lungs and more common

extra pulmonary tuberculosis

occur outside of lung occurs in kidney or eye

Mycobacterium avium

mycobacterial disease similar to pulmonary tuberculosis but milder

-opportunist in TB and AIDS

Pseudomonas pseudomallei

-Meliodosis (Vietnamese time bomb)

-only in South East Asia

-Latent

-fulminant

Pseudomonas mallei

mallei

-disease of horses lymphatic glands

-pharcy-attacks digestive system in horse

-glanders- spread through blood and feces in horse

-rare in humans

Bacillus anthracis

respiratory anthrax

-from sheep and cattle

-aerobic and sporulating

-pneumonia like symptoms

-high fatality rate

-largest bacterium

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

walking pneumonia

-mild

-smallest bacteria

-pleomorphic bacteria

Legionella pneumophilia

-Legionnaire's Disease

from high humidity and freq. temp. changes

-pneumonia like symptoms can be fatal if underlying conditions already exist

Eschirachia coli

-pyelonephritis

-inflammation of nephrons and kidneys

-Cystisis- inflammation of urinary bladder

-pertitonitis- inflammation of peritoneum

Ureaplasma urealyticum

urethritis

Enteric bacili

gram negative bacili

-don't form spores

-facultative anaerobes

-attack all warm blood animals

-highly motile through digestive system

Streptococcus faecalis

-enteritis- inflamed small intestine from food poisoning

-salmonella- about 250 species, flies are mechanical vector, 10,000 organisms needed to contract

Salmonella typhi

typhoid fever-bowel disturbances, leukopenia, dehydration

-3-5% are carriers for up to a year after the illness.

Treponema pallidum

spirochetes-bend

-syphilis- 1. primary (chancre)

2. secondary (rash, communicable)

3. tertiary (gumma) cardiodamage, nerve damage(tabes dorsalis) and parasthesia (numbness all over)

Neisseria gonnorhaea

-Gonnorhea- STI

-inclusion conjunctivitis- eye infection in adults as result of having Gonnorrhea

-Opthalmia neonatorum- disease of baby's eye when passing through birth canal of infected mother can cause blindness if not treated.

Haemophilus ducreyi

soft chancroid disease- contains pustules

Staphylococcus anaerobius

-conjunctivitis- pink eye

Haemophilus aegyptius

causes conjunctivitis

Salmonella paratyphi

-paratyphoid fever- milder form of typhoid fever

Shigella dysenteriae

also known as sonnei

-desentery- causes very severe diarrhea, need 10 organisms to contract

Vibrio cholerae

-cholera-disease in underdeveloped countries

Campylobacter jejuni

-campylobacteriosis- cramping

jejunum is part of the intestine

Helicobacter pylori

peptic ulcers- erosion of inside lining of stomach

-pylorus is part of stomach

Neisseria meningitides

-Meningitis- start as cold like symptoms then proceed to nuchal rigidity (stiff neck)

-affects the meninges

-Meningococcemia- the organism becomes blood borne can cause vascular collapse, improper blood flow, gangrene, and necrosis, fulminant, seen in younger people

Clostridium tetani

-tetanus-anaerobic

also known as lock jaw

Clostridium botulinum

Botulism

-sporulating, food borne causes paralysis, used in botox, often fatal, found in unpasteurized honey

Yersinia pestis

-Septicemic plague- bit from a flea affects the blood stream, 60-70% fatality rate

-febrile disease

Staphylococcus species

Toxic shock syndrome-fever, shock when blood pressure falls, rash

-febrile disease

Streptococcus pyogenes

-Puerpal sepsis-infection mother contract at child's birth, uterus unable to contract properly and can cause blood to build up causing hemorrhage

-febrile disease

Francisella tularensis

-tularemia- rabbit fever from ingestion or break in the skin. Cannot be spread

-febrile disease

Borreli recurrentis

-relapsing fever-bite from lice and ticks (biological vectors), not communicable

-febrile disease

Borrelia burgdorferi

Lymes disease- deer tick are biological vectors, cause rash, chorea, arthritis and endocarditis

-febrile disease

Leptospira interrogans

-Leptospirosis-entry is break in the skin from contact of deer's blood or urine, affects liver and heart, person becomes jaundice, a while to recover

-febrile disease

Borrelia vincenti

Vencent's angina (Trench mouth)

entry:mucous membrane

exit: saliva

-inflammation of oral cavity

-febrile disease

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Organism of blue puss- wound infections on any part of body

-pyogenic bacteria cause abscesses, otitis media, sinus infections, pneumonia, common in cystic fibrosis

-febrile disease

Lysteria monocytogenes

-listeriosis- entry: inhalation exit: respiratory secretions

-respiratory disease with high fever

-febrile disease

Clostridium perfingens

AKA: Bacillus welchii

gas gangrene- Death of tissue

dry gangrene

occur from lack of arterial flow

moist gangrene

occur from problems in venous return

gas gangrene

eating dead tissues and killing live tissue and eliminates gas as its waste occurs after death and causes crackling of tissue and very strong odor.

Rickettsia

-very small bacilli

-gram negative

-single, paired, strands, and clusters

-obligate parasites (need host to survive)

-insects are natural hosts

Rickettsia prowazekii

old world (epidemic) typhus fever- bite from body lice, fever can get high, not communicable.

Rickettsia typhi

- New world (endemic) typhus fever- bite from rat fleas and body lice, fever and respiratory disease. milder than the old world fever

Rickettsia ricketsii

-rocky mountain spotted fever- causes rash and fever, not serious

-western- wood tick (the worst)

-eastern- dog tick

-southwestern-lone star tick

Rickettsia akari

-rickettsial pox- vector: house mouse mites

-cause rash with pustules

Rickettsia conorii

-Fievre boutonneuse- vector: sand fly

-is a febrile disease with dark rash color- not in U.S mostly tropical

Rickettsia tsutsugamushi

-scrub typhus- vector: mites bite

-cause lymphdenopathy

-depressed immune response, weakness, and fatigued

Rickettsia quintana

-Trench Fever- vector: body lice

-humans are natural hosts

Coxiella burnetti

Q Fever- Zoonosis: animals with hooves

-bad cold or flu

Bartonella bacilliformis

Carrion's disease- vector: sand fly

-skin disease not seen in U.S.

Chlamydia

-Round to oval

-very small (once considered a virus)

-has both DNA and RNA

-Gram Negative like (No peptidoglycan)

-only stain with iodine

-obligate parasites

chlamydia trachomatis

-Trachoma-Mechanical vector: flies, entry: mucous membrane of eye. Conjunctivitis with remission and exacerbation.

-from direct contact, fomites vectors. leading cause of blindness in U.S

-Nongonococcal urethritis- common in U.S, sexually transmitted, pain in urination, likely to spread male to female

-Inclusion conjunctivitis- STI in adults, congenital, can cause blindness in child

-Pneumonia- congenital or acquired

Chlamydia psittaci

psitacosis- zoonosis: birds respiratory secretions and feces when dry becomes air borne

-rare human to human

Bartonella henselae/Bartonella quintana

-cat scratch fever- papules; lymphadenopathy; fistulas

-carried through cat feces and saliva of cats

fistula

passageway between 2 structures

papules

raised and empty

lymphdenopathy

enlarged lymph glands

chlamydia trachomatis

-lympnogranuloma venereum- systematic; will spread to inguinal and pelvic lymph nodes then spread to the body

-males 20 x more than female

-deep ulceration, then spread to inguinal/pelvic nodes

-severe scarring and deformity