The Industrial Revolution

When and where did the Industrial Revolution begin?

In the mid-1700s in England.

What was the three-field system?

An inefficient medieval farming method used before the Agricultural Revolution.

What was the enclosure movement?

The use of fences to protect large farms during the Agricultural Revolution.

What farming technique maximized farmland and increased soil fertility?

Crop rotation.

Who invented the seed drill in the 1700s?

Jethro Tull.

Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in England?

Iron, coal, natural resources, rivers, a large population, and colonies.

What was the first industry to industrialize?

The textile industry.

Whose invention of the cotton gin stimulated a demand for cotton textiles and slavery?

Eli Whitney.

Who invented the first steam engine in 1765?

James Watt.

What was the greatest improvement to transportation during the Industrial Revolution?

The steam-powered railroad.

Who invented a cheap process for making steel, which is stronger than iron?

Henry Bessemer.

What was Thomas Edison's most influential invention?

The electric light bulb.

How did the Industrial Revolution affect Germany?

It built railroads, iron and textile factories, and became an industrial leader.

What were the overall effects of the Industrial Revolution on the West?

It increased economic and military power, but worsened urban working conditions.