Chapter l A&PI

Which anatomical region comprises the central axis of the body, including the head, neck, and trunk?

Axial Region

The term _____ refers specifically to the head and skull region.

Cephalic (Cranial)

Which regional term is used to describe the forehead?

Frontal

The _____ region refers to the cheek.

Buccal

What is the anatomical term for the chin?

Mental

The _____ region refers to the nose.

Nasal

Which term describes the eye socket region?

Orbital

The _____ region refers to the ear.

Otic

What is the anatomical term for the neck region?

Cervical

The _____ region describes the chest area located above the diaphragm.

Thoracic

Which regional term refers to the breastbone area?

Sternal (Pectoral)

The _____ region refers specifically to the breast or milk-secreting glands.

Mammary

What is the anatomical term for the armpit?

Axillary

The _____ region refers to the anterior body trunk inferior to the ribs.

Abdominal

Which term refers to the navel or belly button region?

Umbilical

The _____ region refers to the pelvis or hip.

Pelvic

What anatomical term is used for the groin region?

Inguinal

The _____ region refers to the external reproductive organs.

Genital

Which region is located between the anus and the external genitalia?

Perineal

The _____ region refers to the spinal column and posterior back area.

Vertebral (Dorsal)

Which term describes the lower back region between the ribs and the pelvis?

Lumbar

The _____ region is the posterior area between the hips overlying the sacrum.

Sacral

What is the anatomical term for the buttocks?

Gluteal

The _____ region relates to the limbs and their attachments, such as the shoulder and pelvic girdles.

Appendicular

Which term refers to the outer edge or point of the shoulder?

Acromial

The _____ region refers to the shoulder blade.

Scapular

Which term describes the upper arm between the shoulder and the elbow?

Brachial

The _____ region refers to the forearm between the elbow and the wrist.

Antebrachial

What is the anatomical term for the anterior surface of the elbow?

Antecubital

The _____ region refers to the posterior surface of the elbow.

Cubital (Olecranal)

What anatomical term is used for the wrist?

Carpal

The _____ region refers to the palm of the hand, specifically the bones between the wrist and fingers.

Metacarpal

Which term refers to the palm of the hand?

Palmar

The _____ is the anatomical term for the thumb (first digit).

Pollex

Which term refers to the fingers or toes?

Digital

The _____ region refers to the thigh.

Femoral

What is the anatomical term for the anterior surface of the knee?

Patellar

The _____ region refers to the posterior surface of the knee.

Popliteal

Which term describes the lower leg between the knee and the ankle?

Crural

The _____ region refers to the calf or posterior lower leg.

Sural

What anatomical term refers to the lateral side of the lower leg?

Fibular (Peroneal)

The _____ region refers to the ankle.

Tarsal

Which term refers to the heel of the foot?

Calcaneal

The _____ region refers to the framework of the foot between the ankle and toes.

Metatarsal

What is the anatomical term for the sole of the foot?

Plantar

The _____ is the anatomical term for the great (big) toe.

Hallux

A _____ is a cut made along a two-dimensional plane through a body or organ.

Section

Which plane passes directly along the midline, dividing the body into equal left and right halves?

Midsagittal Plane (Sagittal)

The _____ plane is a vertical plane parallel to the midline that divides the body into unequal left and right portions.

Parasagittal Plane

Which vertical plane divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions?

Frontal Plane (Coronal)

The _____ plane is a horizontal plane that divides the body into superior and inferior portions.

Transverse Plane

What type of cut is made at an angle between horizontal and vertical planes?

Oblique Section

Directional term: Superior

Above or toward the head.

Directional term: Inferior

Below or toward the feet.

The term _____ (Ventral) means toward the front of the body.

Anterior

The term _____ (Dorsal) means toward the back of the body.

Posterior

Which directional term means toward the midline of the body?

Medial

Which directional term means away from the midline of the body?

Lateral

The term _____ describes a position between a more medial and a more lateral structure.

Intermediate

For limbs, which term means closer to the point of attachment or trunk?

Proximal

For limbs, which term means farther from the point of attachment or trunk?

Distal

The term _____ means toward or near the body surface.

Superficial

The term _____ means farther away from the body surface (internal).

Deep

Which term pertains to or affects both sides of the body?

Bilateral

Which term pertains to or affects only one side of the body?

Unilateral

The _____ layer pertains to the outer wall of a body cavity or membrane.

Parietal

The _____ layer pertains to the internal organs contained within a body cavity.

Visceral

Which body position involves lying flat on the back facing upward?

Supine

Which body position involves lying flat on the belly facing downward?

Prone

The _____ Cavity is the posterior fluid-filled cavity housing the central nervous system.

Dorsal

Which sub-cavity of the dorsal cavity houses and protects the brain?

Cranial Cavity

The _____ cavity is the hollow canal formed by vertebrae that encloses the spinal cord.

Vertebral (Spinal)

Which large anterior cavity houses internal visceral organs and is divided by the diaphragm?

Ventral Body Cavity

The _____ cavity is the superior ventral cavity enclosed by the chest wall.

Thoracic

Which paired sub-spaces within the thoracic cavity surround each lung?

Pleural Cavities

The _____ is the central thoracic space between the lungs, extending from the sternum to the vertebral column.

Mediastinum

Which division of the mediastinum houses the aortic arch, trachea, and esophagus?

Superior mediastinum

The _____ cavity is the fluid-filled space within the mediastinum surrounding the heart.

Pericardial

Which inferior ventral cavity is located below the diaphragm?

Abdominopelvic Cavity

The _____ cavity is the superior portion of the abdominopelvic cavity containing digestive and metabolic organs.

Abdominal

Which inferior portion of the abdominopelvic cavity contains the bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum?

Pelvic Cavity

The _____ cavity is the open space of the mouth bounded by the lips and palate.

Oral

What is the term for the continuous open tube extending from the mouth to the anus?

Digestive Cavity (Alimentary Canal)

The _____ cavity is the fluid/mucus-lined space located behind the nose.

Nasal

Which cavities are the bony sockets that house the eyes?

Orbital Cavities

The _____ cavities are air-filled spaces within temporal bones containing auditory ossicles.

Middle Ear

Which cavities are joint spaces enclosed by capsules and containing lubricating fluid?

Synovial Cavities

The _____ is a dome-shaped skeletal muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.

Diaphragm

What is the term for the double-layered epithelial membrane that lines closed body cavities to reduce friction?

Serosa (Serous Membrane)

_____ is the watery lubricating liquid secreted between the parietal and visceral membrane layers.

Serous Fluid

Which serous membrane is specifically associated with the lungs?

Pleura

The _____ Pleurae is the outer layer lining the internal thoracic cavity wall.

Parietal

The _____ Pleurae is the inner layer directly covering the outer surface of the lungs.

Visceral

What is the name of the multi-layered serous membrane lining the abdominopelvic cavity?

Peritoneum

The _____ Peritoneum is the outer layer lining the internal abdominopelvic wall.

Parietal

The _____ Peritoneum is the inner layer directly investing the abdominal organs.

Visceral

Which serous and fibrous sac surrounds the heart?

Pericardium

The _____ Pericardium is the outer serous layer lining the fibrous sac around the heart.

Parietal

The _____ Pericardium (Epicardium) is the innermost layer adhering directly to the heart muscle.

Visceral

Which abdominopelvic quadrant contains the gallbladder and the right lobe of the liver?

Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ)