Entomology Exam 1

What are the 3 parts of an insect?

head, thorax, abdomen

True insects have?

6 legs

2 antennae

3 body parts

How many insect species?

3.5 million

Orders of insects before wings? (3 orders)

Entognatha

Archaeognatha

Zygentoma

Orders of insects after wings? (7 orders)

Ephemeroptera

Odonata

Psocodea

Hemiptera

Thysanoptera

Holometabola

Polyneoptera

What are the 4 ways to get chagas disease?

Bug fecal material

Congenital infection

Contaminated blood transfusion

Organ transplantation

Cost of USD per year?

540 billion

Scientific name of pollinator insect

Toxorhynshites rutilus

Factors for insect declination? (4 factors)

Biocides

habitat loss

commercial harvesting

invasive species

What is evolution?

a change in allele frequency in a population

Examples of negative artificial selection

Insecticides

habitat destruction

Examples of positive artificial selection

breeding

biocontrol

Why were insects huge before? (2 reasons)

Oxygen levels were higher (30%)

No competition with flying vertebrates (birds and bats)

Do insects come from marine environments?

No they formed gills after a tracheal system not before

Reasons for insect success? (8 reasons)

Smaller size

Tough Exoskeleton

Flight (wings)

Metamorphosis

Fecundity

Longevity

Generation Time

Biogeography

What is Neoptery? How many years ago?

ability to fold/flex wings along the back

315 MYA

Advantages of wings? (2)

Increased mobility

Can evade non-winged predators

Alterations in wing functions (3)

Protection of hind wings by modified forewings

Coupling of forewings/hindwings

Reduction of hindwings into halteres in diptera

Advantage of metamorphosis (2 advantages)

permits adults to feed on new food sources

allows adults to exploit different habitats

Name 3 types of Metamorphosis

Ametabolous

Hemimetabolous

Holometabolous

Describe the 3 forms (metamorphosis)

Ametabolous: looks the same entire way through

Hemimetabolous: Change in size and formation of wings

Holom.: Looks completely different at beginning and end