AP GOPO vocab part II

bicameralism

legislative structure made up of 2 separate houses/chambers

republicanism

citizens elect representatives to make laws and govern on their behalf instead of voting directly

judicial review (connect to Marbury v. Madison)

power of the courts to declare legislative laws or executive actions unconstitutional

• Marbury v. Madison = power of judicial review used for the 1st time

proportional v. equal representation

• proportional = rep based on population

• equal = each state gets the exact same amount of reps or votes

modes of election for House v. Senate

• House = 2 years, all seats are up

• Senate = 6 years, 1/3 seats up every 2 years

supremacy (article VI)

the Constitution, federal laws under it, and treaties are the “supreme law of the land”

implied powers

reasonable powers held by the federal government but not written in the Constitution

ratification

approving + adopting a legal doc., constitutional amendment or treaty to make it official

confirmation

constitutional power of the Senate to approve, reject, or review presidential nominees for cabinet members, ambassadors, and federal judges

federalist v. anti-federalist

• federalist = for a strong national govt

• anti-feds = wanted state sovereignty

faction and why bad for the nation??

a majority or minority of citizens united by a shared passion that counters a community’s interests or other rights of citizens

the importation compromise

barred Congress from stopping the international slave trade until 1808 (20 years)

3/5ths compromise

3/5th of the slaves in a state would count for direct taxation and congressional representation

electoral college compromise

the citizens vote for electors who vote for the main decision of the election