Adult Health II: ALL & CML Review

Vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts, manifestations, genetics, and treatments for ALL and CML from Adult Health II.

ALL

Acute proliferation of immature lymphoid blasts.

Marrow crowding in ALL

Process where blasts crowd out normal bone marrow cells, causing anemia and infection.

Bleeding findings in ALL

Petechiae, bruising, and epistaxis.

Major ALL incidence peak

Young children, especially ages $2$ to $5$.

Philadelphia chromosome

Chromosome associated with CML arising from $t(9;22)$.

BCR–ABL1

Fusion gene that drives CML.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors

Main targeted drug class for CML, such as imatinib.

Marked leukocytosis

Typical early CML laboratory finding.

CML splenomegaly

Manifestation characterized by left upper quadrant fullness and early satiety.

CML blast phase

Stage defined by $20\%$ or more blasts in blood or marrow.

Graft-versus-host disease

Condition where donor immune cells attack recipient tissues after transplant.

Key TKI teaching point

Adherence and scheduled molecular/lab monitoring.