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define refractive index
how strongly a material refracts light passing through it
→ the density of a material
state the formula for refractive index
n = c/v
refractive index of a material = speed of light in a vacuum (ms-1) / speed of light in the material (ms-1)
state the law of refraction
when light passes through a boundary
→ ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction = constant
state the formula for the law of refraction
n1sinθ1 = n2sinθ2
refractive index of incident material × sine of the angle of incidence (°) = refractive index of refractive material × sine of the angle of refraction (°)