HEAL1236: Models of Healthcare and Medicine - Scope of Practice, Collaboration, and Health Information Systems

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering health information systems, interprofessional collaboration frameworks, pharmacy team scopes of practice, accreditation requirements, and national professional standards.

EMR (Electronic Medical Record)

A digital record system that replaces traditional paper charts in a physician's clinic, providing paper reduction, streamlined organization, improved information access, fewer billing errors, decreased adverse drug reactions (ADRs), and reduced duplication of lab work and drug therapies.

EHR (Electronic Health Record)

An electronic record containing comprehensive patient health information generated across encounters in any healthcare setting, including patient demographics, progress notes, medical problems, medications, vital signs, past medical history, immunizations, laboratory data, and radiology reports.

PHR (Personal Health Record)

A health record managed directly by the citizen that is universally accessible and understandable to a layperson, which is not considered an official legal record unless legally designated as one.

DIS (Drug Information System)

An electronic healthcare database that compiles and maintains details regarding a patient's prescribed and dispensed medications.

ConnectingOntario

A secure, web-based clinical viewer portal operated by Ontario Health that gives authorized healthcare organizations real-time access to digital health records, including dispensed medications, lab results, hospital visits, Home and Community Care Services, mental health information, and diagnostic imaging.

ClinicalConnect

A secure online database operated by the HITS eHealth Office at Hamilton Health Sciences that grants authorized healthcare organizations and sole practitioners in SouthWest Ontario 24/7 access to regional patient data, reducing redundant procedures and improving care coordination.

ClinicalConnect Regional Model

The operational framework in which the technology delivery partner (HITS eHealth Office, including access management, privacy specialists, IT operations, and Tier 1 and Tier 2 support) links external stakeholders (Ontario Ministry of Health, Ontario Health) with participant organizations across SouthWest Ontario.

Digital Health Drug Repository (DHDR)

The province of Ontario's digital prescription drug information repository used to build comprehensive drug histories and enable medication data sharing among healthcare providers.

Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PMPs)

Systematic programs designed to enhance patient safety and curb harm by tracking outpatient dispensing of controlled, high-alert medications to reduce drug diversion, double-doctoring, prescription forgeries, and over-prescribing.

Ontario Narcotic Monitoring System (ONM)

Ontario's specific prescription monitoring initiative that tracks the prescribing and dispensing of narcotics and controlled substances to identify diversion and inappropriate drug use.

Canadian Interprofessional Health Collaborative (CIHC)

A national organization composed of health organizations, educators, researchers, practitioners, and students that identifies and disseminates best practices and knowledge in interprofessional education (IPE) and interprofessional collaborative practice (IPC).

Interprofessional Education (IPE)

An educational approach that trains practitioners from different health disciplines to learn with, from, and about each other to foster collaborative working relationships and shared skills for patient-centered care.

Interprofessional Collaboration (IPC)

The collaborative practice of healthcare providers working across disciplines, outside their own professions, and directly with patients and families in an environment of trust to achieve the best possible health outcomes.

CIHC Interprofessional Collaboration Competency Framework

A Canadian national collaborative model comprising six interrelated competency domains: Relationship-Focused Care/Services, Team Communication, Role Clarification and Negotiation, Team Functioning, Team Differences/Disagreements Processing, and Collaborative Leadership.

Pharmacy Assistant Career Pathway

An unregulated career route in Ontario requiring a minimum of a high-school diploma plus relevant experience, or ideally completion of a 6-month to 2-year certificate or diploma program (such as a 1-year certificate with 80 hours of field placement).

Ontario College of Pharmacists (OCP) Annual Renewal

The mandatory yearly registration renewal process for pharmacy technicians in Ontario, completed on the College's online services portal beginning in late January and due on or before March 10th.

Practice Assessment of Competence at Entry (PACE)

An approved practical assessment program through the Ontario College of Pharmacists that permits pharmacy technician applicants to demonstrate readiness and competence for entry to practice in Ontario.

Canadian Council for Accreditation of Pharmacy Programs (CCAPP)

The accreditation body that establishes standards, reviews and evaluates programs, and awards accreditation status to pharmacy and pharmacy technician education programs across Canada.

Qualifying Accreditation

A provisional accreditation status granted to new pharmacy technician programs by CCAPP for up to two years, during which the program must admit students and apply for provisional accreditation to ensure graduates qualify as accredited alumni.

Circle of Care

A dynamic term of reference defined by NAPRA describing all healthcare team members who share direct responsibility for providing patient-centered care, which adjusts over time based on the patient's evolving needs.

Three Rules of the Pharmacy Team in the Circle of Care

The core operational directives for pharmacy staff: 1st Rule: Know your scope of practice within the circle of care; 2nd Rule: Know the role of other healthcare team members; 3rd Rule: Referral is mandatory to ensure competent and seamless care.

Pharmacy

The professional health practice and the physical setting (such as community pharmacies, hospital pharmacies, clinics, and long-term care homes) where medications are prepared, compounded, dispensed, or sold.

Pharmacist

A licensed health professional holding the protected title RPh or PharmD who completes at least 5 years of university-level pharmacy education, possesses discretionary decision-making authority, practices patient-focused pharmaceutical care, and conducts final clinical reviews.

Pharmacy Technician

A regulated health professional holding the protected title RPhT who completes an accredited CCAPP education program, provides non-discretionary product- and patient-focused services, supervises pharmacy assistants, and holds final technical check accountability for prescription accuracy.

Pharmacy Assistant

An unregulated staff member who works under the direct supervision of a pharmacist or pharmacy technician to perform manipulative and non-discretionary product-focused tasks, but cannot perform final product checks, transfer prescriptions, administer vaccines, or supervise personnel.

Non-Maleficence

The ethical duty of healthcare professionals to protect patients and society from harm, obligating all pharmacy team members to refrain from dangerous actions and actively prevent harm from occurring.

NAPRA Model Standards of Practice (Five Domains)

The harmonized national practice standards adopted in 2021 organized into five pillars: Domain 1: Providing care; Domain 2: Knowledge and expertise; Domain 3: Communication and collaboration; Domain 4: Leadership and stewardship; Domain 5: Professionalism.