Northwest Vista Archaeology Midterm historical figures to remember

Who was the first archaeologist?

Nabonidus- last king of neo-Babylonian Empire

What are some information we should know about Nabonidus?

1) HIs worship of his gods compelled him to rebuild temples and look for inscriptions from past kings.
2) He looked for physical residues of the pas from the temples to understand the past.

What did William Stukeley do?

He studied and mapped Stonehenge, which are still used today

What did Thomas Jefferson do?

He excavated a burial mound on his property in Virginia in 1784.

What was so significant about Englishman Richard Hoare (1758-1838)?

He had dug into hundreds of burial mounds. However his interpretations didn’t add to any knowledge, because it was based in biblical archaeology that the world and people were only 4,000 years old.

During the great age of the Earth and the concept of evolution: What are three notable people during that time?

Charles Darwin, The origin of species (1859)

James Hutton, Theory of the Earth (1785)

Charles Lyell, Principles of Geology (1833)

What did John Frere, Hoxne find in 1797?

He found a stone hand axe in England during that year.

What did Boucher des Perthes do?

He documented stone tools with extinct animal bones in the Somme river gravels, 1841.

What did John Lubbock’s write?

"prehistoric Times,” 1865

What did Charles Darwin write?

The Origin of Species, the idea of evolution is that living things change over time

What and when was The Descent of Man published?

It was published in 1871, the human species emerged as part of the same process (evolution)

In early 1808, what did Colt Hoare notice?

he recognized the prevelance of stone, brass, and iron artifaacts

Where did C.J. Thompsen publish his guide book (1936, A guide to Northern Antiquities)?

He published it to the Danish National Museum

What happened in 1859?

John Evans and General Pitt-rivers created the evolution of artifact forms, creating methodology called “typology”

What are some notable people who created theories on social development and progress?

Thomas Malthus, Karl Marx, L.H. Morgan, and E.B. Tylor

Influenced by Darwin, what did both L.H. Morgan and E.B Tylor publish?

they both published treatises that human societies had moved through stages of development:
savagery: