HTS 2080 Quiz Questions

What disease did the 1999 Maryland conference determine was the Athenian Plague?

Typhus

Who was the first female physician?

Peseshet

Roman aqueducts are a good example of how medicine and disease

architecture

Galen's work was largely forgotten about after he died, and only rediscovered in the 20th century. 

False - Galen’s work has consistently been studied throughout all of recorded history in various places

The History of the Peoloponnesian War

Thucydides

The Canon of Medicine

Avicenna

Prince Toneri

Nihon Shoki

For One Who Has No Physician to Attend Him

Al-Razi

Which ancient society likely had the most extensive body of medical knowledge?

The Middle Kingdom in Egypt

The Egyptian Middle Kingdom had only one god of healing, and medicine was practiced in only one place

False - The Middle Kingdom had a pantheon of deities concerned with various ailment, diseases, and other bodily phenomena. Ancient Egyptians sought and practiced medicine in the temples for these different deities, and they had what we would now recognize as specializations

Hippocrates is credited with contributing these ideas to the study and practice of medicine: 

Humoral Theory, Rational Causes of Disease, Clinical Observation

books in the Ayurvedic Bhat Trayi

Charaka Samhita, Ashtanga Hrdaya, Sushruta Samhita

Which ancient book listed the four parts of medical practice as physicians nurses, patients, and medicine

Charaka Samhita

The House of Wisdom was

A center in Baghdad under the Abbasid Caliphate

Although Galen did support humoral theory, he also advanced understandings of the structure and function of organs and nerves in the body

true

A researcher is looking to investigate the Athenian plague using the bones of Ancient Greeks found at a dig site in the Piraeus.What key methods will they be using?

Paleopathology, Archeological/Material Culture Analysis

Where were the first hospitals

Baghdad, under the Abbasid Caliphate

Who wrote Doubts About Galen, questioning humoral theory and the supremacy of writing in Greek? 

Al Razi

The Canon of Medicine demonstrates the.......

Aristotelian worldview

The Bubonic plague pandemic in Europe in 1346…

Began as a result of biological warfare tactics in Caffa

The bubonic plague’s spread throughout Europe and Asia was accelerated and facilitated by the ______ in the North, and the ________ in the South

Hanseatic League, Silk Road

Which book did Paracelsus burn to protest the existing university system in 1527?

Avicenna’s Canon of Medicine

The Fabrica correctly identified…

The structure of almost all aspects of human anatomy, and many of the major functions of the heart and bones

Per Thomas Kuhn’s The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, the Scientific Revolution, principally through the breakthrough work of Pare Vesalius, and Harvey, created a ………. in the knowledge production of medicine and disease.

paradigm shift

Check all medical professionals who practiced on the human body in the Middle Ages:

Guild-certified Apothecaries, Guild-certified Barber Surgeons, Local healers and midwives in serfdoms

The Confessions

St. Augustine

Malleus Maleficarum

Heinrich Kramer

Decameron

Boccacio

On the Fabric of the Human Body in Seven Books

Andreas Vesalius

On the Motion of the Heart and Blood in Animals

William Harvey

The Bubonic Plague’s longterm impacts were…

• Increasing the Political power of monarchs

• Upward mobility for some people to replenish the labor shortages in the merchant classes

• Increased virulence in social prejudices against Jewish, Romani, and disabled people

• Improved working conditions for peasants and serfs

• Permanent weakening of the Catholic Church’s political and moral authority

Check everything that is true of “miasma” theory

Reflects the Aristotelian worldview, Posits that disease spreads through “bad air”, Originated with Hippocrates, Was supported by the University of Paris in 1348

A hallmark of the establishment of the universities was dividing… from…; all medical research in medieval European universities was completely textual, and studying the physical body was banned by the lateran Council of 1215

theory, practice

In response to the witch trials and the changes in the professions of medicine after the plague, midwifery in the 15/1600s became…

subject to licensing boards made up of university physicians and members of the barber surgeons and apothecary guilds

After the plague, which university became the “Seat of the Scientific Revolution?”

The University of Padua

In the medieval era, people believed in living……, and that physical suffering would guarantee eternal happiness in the afterlife.

ascetically

A Treatise on Scurvy

James Lind

Essential Knowledge of the Pox

Wan Quan

Letter on Variolation

Mary Wortley Montagu

Variolation…

Had a mortality rate of 1-2%, Inoculated people using the smallpox variola virus

Vaccination…

Inoculated people with the cowpox, Originated in Europe

Variations in natural immunities to disease become key factor in the invention of _____ as a scientific and biological fact.

Race

Edward Jenner theorized the process of vaccination after observing…

Milkmaid’s immunity to smallpox

Europeans in the 1700s had what kind of immunity to smallpox?

Herd

Check all that is true of smallpox

Estimated to have had a 95% mortality rate among the indigenous peoples of the Americas,

Transmitted through respiratory droplets in the air or contact with scabs containing the virus

True or False: Columbus' voyages began the exchange of plants, people, pathogens, and products between the hemispheres and occurred throughout the 1490s. He was a respected and revered leader throughout his lifetime, especially as Governor of the Indies, facilitating this movement. 

False

The combination of                       and                    in the Americas created mass labor shortages and increased reliance on the Trans-Atlantic slave trade. 

smallpox, malaria

The phrase "one night with venus, a lifetime of mercury" references which disease and its treatment? 

syphillis

The University of Padua's advances in the Scientific Revolution were largely financed by.......

The Venetian slave trade

Check all products associated with the Columbian Exchange

Potatoes, Tobacco, Corn, Horses

What disease was quinine primarily used to treat? 

Malaria

The publication of A Treatise of the Scurvy immediately changed the Royal Navy's provisions, resulting in lowered rates of scurvy by the 1770s. 

False

Knowledge of variolation before 1720 was common throughout.....

Asia and the Middle East

The first clinical trial was differentiated by its use of......

A control with multiple groups and treatments recorded

Mayans practiced advanced forms of                      , which served medicinal, cultural, and religious purposes.

dentistry