Head, Neck, Mouth, Throat, Nose, and Sinuses

Head

The skull which consists of the cranium and face

Cranium

House and protects the brain, comprised of 8 bones: front, parietal (2), temporal (2), occipital, and sphenoid

Face

Gives shape to the face, comprised of 14 bones: mandible is the only moveable one, temporal artery, parotid and submandibular salivary glands

Neck

Consists of muscles ligaments, and cervical vertebrae

Associated structures in the neck

Hyoid bone, larynx, trachea

Associated muscles with the neck

Sternocleidomastoid and trapezius

Which cranial nerve is associated with the neck?

CN XI Spinal Accessory → shrug of the shoulders and turning of the head against resistance

Blood vessels associated with the neck

Internal and external jugular veins, carotid artery

Thyroid gland

Largest endocrine gland in the body, produces thyroid hormone

Major Lymph Nodes

Preauricular, posterior, auricular, occipital, superficial cervical, deep cervical, submental, submandibular, supraclavicular

What are some cultural considerations with head and neck

Many Muslim women wear a scarf or hijab

Orthodox Jewish clients may not want physical contact with members of the opposite gender when not necessary

Facial features may vary among individuals and cultures