psych 4A

Social Psychology

Study of how people affect others.

Attribution Theory

Explaining why people act certain ways.

Fundamental Attribution Error

Blaming personality, not situations.

Actor-Observer Bias

Others: personality. Us: situation.

Social Identity

Identity based on group membership.

Attitude

Feelings or beliefs about something.

Peripheral Route Persuasion

Persuasion through emotions or appearance.

Central Route Persuasion

Persuasion through facts and logic.

Foot In the Door Phenomenon

Small request leads to bigger request.

Role

Expected behavior in a position.

Cognitive Dissonance Theory

Discomfort from conflicting beliefs and actions.

Norms

Unwritten rules of behavior.

Conformity

Changing behavior to fit in.

Normative Social Influence

Conforming to be liked.

Informational Social Influence

Conforming because others seem right.

Social Facilitation

Others improve easy-task performance.

Social Loafing

Less effort in groups.

Deindividuation

Losing self-awareness in groups.

Group Polarization

Groups strengthen existing opinions.

Groupthink

Agreeing to avoid group conflict.

Culture

Shared beliefs, values, and traditions.

Prejudice

Unfair negative attitude toward a group.

Stereotype

Generalized belief about a group.

Discrimination

Unfair treatment based on group.

Just World Phenomenon

Belief people get what they deserve.

Ingroup

Group you belong to.

Outgroup

Group you don't belong to.

Ingroup Bias

Favoring your own group.

Scapegoat Theory

Blaming others for your problems.

Other-Race Effect

Recognizing own-race faces more easily.

Aggression

Behavior meant to hurt others.

Frustration-Aggression Principle

Frustration can cause aggression.

Social Script

Learned guide for social behavior.

Mere Exposure Effect

Familiarity increases liking.

Passionate Love

Intense romantic attraction.

Companionate Love

Deep, lasting affection.

Equity

Fair give-and-take in relationships.

Self-Disclosure

Sharing personal information.

Altruism

Helping without expecting rewards.

Bystander Effect

Less helping when others are present.

Social Exchange Theory

Weighing social costs and benefits.

Reciprocity Norm

Help those who help you.

Social Responsibility Norm

Help people who need it.

Conflict

Clash of goals or interests.

Social Trap

Short-term gain, long-term harm.

Mirror-Image Perceptions

Opposing sides see each other negatively.

Self-Fulfilling Prophecy

Expectations cause themselves to happen.

Superordinate Goals

Shared goals requiring teamwork.