health and healing week 1

What is mental health according to the WHO?

Well-being, coping with stress, working productively, and contributing to the community.

What three factors influence mental health?

Resilience, culture, and social influences.

What is resilience?

How a person adapts to their life circumstances.

What is the purpose of the Mental Health Act (MHA)?

Sets admission criteria, protects patient rights, and supports review of certain decisions.

What is a voluntary patient?

A person who agrees to psychiatric admission for care, observation, and treatment.

What is an informal patient?

A person admitted with consent from a substitute decision-maker under the HCCA.

What is an involuntary patient?

A person assessed by a psychiatrist as meeting the MHA criteria for involuntary admission.

What is Form 1?

A physician's application for psychiatric assessment, for up to 72 hours.

Who can initiate Form 1?

A physician who has seen the client within the previous 7 days.

What is Form 2?

An order signed by a Justice of the Peace allowing police to take someone for examination.

What is Form 3?

Certificate of involuntary admission, valid for 14 calendar days.

What must happen after Form 3 is issued?

Give the patient Form 30 and notify a rights advisor.

What is Form 4?

Certificate renewing involuntary admission before Form 3 or a renewal expires.

How long are Form 4 renewals valid?

First: 1 month; second: 2 months; third and subsequent: 3 months.

What happens if involuntary status expires?

The patient gains voluntary status.

What is a Community Treatment Order (CTO)?

A plan for community-based treatment, care, and supervision that is less restrictive than hospital detention.

What does capacity to consent require?

Understanding relevant information and appreciating reasonably foreseeable consequences.

What is a substitute decision-maker (SDM)?

An authorized person who makes decisions for someone incapable of making that decision.

What is the Consent and Capacity Board (CCB)?

An independent provincial tribunal reviewing consent, capacity, and related legal matters.

What are the six bioethical principles?

Autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, justice, impossibility, and fidelity.

What is autonomy?

Respecting a person's right to make their own decisions.

What is nonmaleficence?

Doing no harm to the patient.

What is beneficence?

The duty to promote good.

What is justice?

Distributing resources and care equally.

What is fidelity?

Maintaining loyalty and commitment.

What is an ethical dilemma?

A situation requiring a choice between two incompatible alternatives.

What is ethical distress?

Being unable to act on moral choices because of internal or external restraints.

Who diagnoses mental illnesses using the DSM?

A physician or psychiatrist.

What is a Mental Status Assessment (MSA)?

An assessment of current cognitive and emotional functioning.

What does ASEPTIC stand for in MSA?

Appearance/behaviour, Speech, Emotion, Perception, Thought, Insight/judgment, Cognition.

What should a suicide risk assessment include?

Risk assessment, history of self-harm, current concerns, and protective factors.

What is therapeutic communication intended to do?

Focus on the patient and foster the therapeutic relationship.

What is verbal communication?

Communication involving spoken words.

What is non-verbal communication?

Messages conveyed through appearance, body movements, space, and non-language sounds.

What is intercultural communication?

Communication influenced by differences in culture, language, values, and behaviour.

What is a therapeutic relationship?

An interaction that helps patients develop constructive thinking and effective coping.

What is trust in a therapeutic relationship?

Believing others can and will help during distress.

What is empathy?

Recognizing and responding appropriately to another person's feelings.

What is transference?

A client transfers feelings or attitudes from past relationships onto someone in the present.

What is counter-transference?

A nurse's unresolved past feelings or conflicts influence the current relationship.

What is a Code White?

An emergency call for additional support during a dangerous or escalating situation.

What should you do if a Code White occurs nearby?

Move to a nursing station or safe area and assist only if appropriate.

What does least restrictive care mean?

Using the least restrictive approach appropriate to the patient's situation.

What are key nursing responsibilities in mental health?

Use the nursing process, support recovery, assist with ADLs, participate appropriately, and document care.