7. Persecution of Jews and Shoah

What were the policies & actions towards Jews?

April 1933

first measures:
- calls for boycott → don’t buy from Jews
- exclusion from public service
- jewish lawyers only allowed to represent jews, jewish doctors only allowed to treat jews

Sept 1935

numbering laws:

- jews no longer citizens (only state residents)
- prohibition of marriage between Jews & Aryan

Nov 1938

Reichskristallnacht:

- destruction of synagogues & jewish stores
- deportation of Jews
- acts of violence against Jews
- obligation to declare jewish assets > 5’000 RM
- marking of jewish businesses
- school ban for Jews
- revocation of licence for jewish doctors & lawyers

1938 - 1941

increasing discrimination and persecution
- forced labour for Jews
- ghettoisation of polish Jews
- 01.09.1939 start WW2

1941

obligation to wear yellow badges:

- beginning of deportation (G Jews moved to labour camps in P)
- emigration ban for jewish G

1942

Wannsee conference:

- deciding on the “final solution“ → systematic extermination of Jews
- start mass gassings in Auschwitz

1942 - 1945

systematic destruction of European Jews

→ between 5.29 and just above 6 million deaths