10) Leveraging the AWS Global Infrastructure

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering AWS global infrastructure, DNS records, Route 53 routing policies, Amazon CloudFront, AWS Global Accelerator, and hybrid edge services like Outposts, WaveLength, and Local Zones.

Global Application

An application deployed in multiple geographies (such as across AWS Regions and/or Edge Locations) to decrease latency, support disaster recovery, and defend against attacks.

Latency

The time it takes for a network packet to travel from a client across the network and reach a server.

Disaster Recovery (DR)

A strategy that allows an application to fail over to another AWS Region when an outage occurs (e.g., storms, earthquakes, power shutdowns) to preserve availability.

AWS Region

A physical geographical location in the world where AWS clusters data centers for deploying applications and infrastructure.

Availability Zone (AZ)

An isolated location within an AWS Region made up of one or more discrete data centers with redundant power, networking, and connectivity.

Edge Location (Point of Presence)

A globally distributed AWS site used to cache and deliver content as close as possible to end users.

Amazon Route 53

A highly available and scalable managed Domain Name System (DNS) web service designed to translate human-readable names into numeric IP addresses.

A Record

A DNS record that maps a hostname directly to an IPv4 address (e.g., www.google.com to 12.34.56.78).

AAAA Record

A DNS record that maps a hostname to an IPv6 address.

CNAME Record

A canonical name DNS record that resolves one hostname to another hostname (e.g., search.google.com to www.google.com).

Alias Record

An AWS-specific Route 53 record extension that points a domain or subdomain directly to an AWS resource (such as an ELB, CloudFront distribution, S3 bucket, or RDS instance).

Simple Routing Policy

A Route 53 routing policy that directs traffic to a single resource or endpoint without conducting health checks.

Weighted Routing Policy

A Route 53 routing policy that distributes incoming requests across multiple resources according to predetermined percentage weights.

Latency Routing Policy

A Route 53 routing policy that directs user requests to the AWS Region that provides the lowest network latency.

Failover Routing Policy

A Route 53 routing policy used for disaster recovery that sends traffic to a primary resource unless health checks fail, automatically redirecting traffic to a backup failover resource.

Amazon CloudFront

A fast Content Delivery Network (CDN) service that caches data, videos, applications, and APIs at worldwide edge locations to improve read performance.

Origin Access Control (OAC)

A method used to secure CloudFront distributions by ensuring that S3 bucket origins only accept requests coming directly from CloudFront.

VPC Origin

A CloudFront origin mechanism designed to securely forward traffic to private resources hosted in VPC private subnets, such as internal Application Load Balancers, Network Load Balancers, or EC2 instances.

S3 Cross Region Replication

An Amazon S3 feature that replicates objects across AWS Regions in near real-time, ideal for read-only dynamic data needing low latency across a few select regions.

S3 Transfer Acceleration

An Amazon S3 feature that accelerates file uploads and downloads over long distances by routing data through AWS edge locations over the AWS private network.

AWS Global Accelerator

A networking service that uses two static Anycast IP addresses and the AWS global network to route traffic to application endpoints over TCP or UDP, bypassing public internet hops to improve performance by up to 60%.

AWS Outposts

Physical server racks built and managed by AWS that extend AWS infrastructure, services, APIs, and tools directly into a customer's on-premises data center for a hybrid cloud setup.

AWS WaveLength

An infrastructure deployment that embeds AWS compute and storage services inside telecommunication providers' 5G data centers to enable ultra-low latency mobile edge applications.

AWS Local Zones

An extension of an AWS Region that places AWS compute, storage, and database services in major population centers close to end users to run latency-sensitive workloads.