Thermochemistry

Mechanical Energy

KE = ½ mv²

Mechanical Energy w/ Height

PE = mgh

Energy Interconversions

KE = ME

½ mv² = mgh

Internal Energy

ΔE = q + w

Work

w = -P * ΔV

Heat Capacity in J/mol * °C

C = q / n * ΔT

Heat Capacity in J/ g * °C

c = q / m * ΔT

Specific Heat Capacity Formula

q = mcΔT

Standard Heat Capacity in J/°C

C = q / ΔT

Constant-Pressure Calorimetry

-q_lost = +q_gained + q_calorimeter

-mcΔT = +mcΔT + C*ΔT

Constant Volume Calorimetry

-q_lost = +q_gained + q_calorimeter

ΔH°_comb = +mcΔT + C*ΔT

Thermal Equilibrium

-q_object = +q_H2O + q_calorimeter

Standard Heat of Reaction

ΔH°_Rxn = [ΣnΔH°_f(products)] - [ΣnΔH°_f(reactions)]

Natural State of Elements: Solids

P₄

S₈

Se₈

Te₈

I₂

Natural State of Elements: Gases (diatomic)

H₂

N₂

O₂

F₂

Cl₂

Natural State of Elements: Gases (monoatomic)

He

Se

Ar

Kr

Xe

Rn

Natural State of Elements: Liquids

Hg

Br₂

Specific Heat Capacity of Water

4.184 J / g * °C