Medical Interventions 1.2 Study Guide

Antibiotic

Medicine that fight against bacteria

Conjugation

Transfer of DNA by a bacteriophage

Tranformation

Uptake of naked DNA from the environment

Transduction

Transfer of DNA via a pilus

Antibiotic resistance

Bacteria mutating so that antibiotics cannot stop or kill them

Plasmid

Small circular DNA used in genetic engineering to transfer genes between cells.

Gram Positive bacterial structures

Gram Negative bacterial structures

Outer membrane

#

Cell envelope

#

Pili

#

Cell wall (peptidoglycan)

#

Inner membrane

#

Plasmid

#

Ribosome

#

Capsule

#

Flagella

8

Storage granule

#

Cytoplasm

#

Function of Outer membrane

Layer that only allows the diffusion of very small molecules

Function of Cell envelope

Protects the integrity of the cell

Function of Pili

Allows bacteria to stick to surfaces and transfer genetic material

Function of Cell wall (peptidoglycan)

Allows a cell to have structure and works as a barrier

Functions of Inner membrane

Function of Plasmid

Function of Ribosome

Function of Capsule

Function of Flagella

Function of Storage Granule

Function of Cytoplasm

Antibiotic resistance of strain 1

A

Antibiotic resistance of Strain 2

Purpose of streaking bacteria on half of each plate

Why create a “mating” plate

Results of the superbug

Which type of gene transfer and how do you know

Conjugation because of direct transfer of traits from bacteria to bacteria

Advantage of conjugation

Process of transformation in bacterial gene transfer

Requirements for bacteria to undergo transformation

How can a bacteriophage contribute to genetic diversity

Implications of gene transfer methods on public health

Understanding of gene transfer aiding in genetic engineering techniques

Importance of taking antibiotics