Neurologically Based Voice Disorders

unilateral vocal fold paralysis

symptom of an underlying disease process, LMN lesion, susceptible to trauma

unilateral true vocal fold paralysis S&S

will have incomplete closure, bowing, and weakness

arytenoid cartilage will not abduct or adduct

mucosal wave will be reduced/damaged on one side

unilateral true vocal fold paralysis management

behavior voice therapy or surgical interventions

bilateral true vocal fold paralysis S&S

voice is highly variable, complete aphonia, will be floppy and bowed on both sides

bilateral true vocal fold paralysis management

botox used for a temporary fix, how abducted adducted the fold are is important

superior laryngeal nerve

what innervates the cricothyroid

recurrent laryngeal nerve

innervates all intrinsic muscles BUT the cricothyroid

superior laryngeal nerve paralysis

occurs with trauma, neoplastic, viral infections

superior laryngeal nerve paralysis S&S

pull toward the weak side

dipiophonia

pitch slide will be indicative

lack of stretching/movement

spasmodic dysphonia

tremorus activity of the voice

a spasm occurs and impacts abductor and adductor muscles

adductor spasmodic dysphonia

vocal folds randomly close (tight)

abductor spasmodic dysphonia

vocal fold randomly open (breathy)

spasmodic dysphonia managment

botox and voice therapy

myasthenia gravis

reductions in peripheral nervous system, result in a sever decline in the muscle’s ability to contract, edurance issue

parkinson’s disease hypophonia

lack of dopamine in the substantial nigra

parkinson’s disease hypophonia S&S

decreased pitch and loudness range

breathy and horse

vocal folds will appear normal or bowed

multiple sclerosis

demyelination and axonal damage, timing disruptions and longer breaths, reduced adduction

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

progressive, terminal neurological attacking muscle contraction

veterens are more likely to have