HUSH Unit 5 Test

What issue did both the Geneva Conventions and the United Nations address?

Economic development in Europe.

How did the Marshall Plan affect the economies of European countries and the United States?

It restored the economies of European countries and improved the United States’ economy through trade and investment.

What was the main focus of the United Nations?

International peace.

What was the underlying rift or disagreement between The United States and The Soviet Union?

Government and economic policy.

What caused unions to go on strike in the aftermath of World War II?

When Truman lifted price controls on consumer goods, the cost of living went up but wages did not.

Which of Truman’s Fair Deal proposals was he able to carry out?

Increasing the minimum wage.

What purpose did the GI Bill serve?

It provided veterans with funding for college and homeownership.

How did the GI Bill stimulate new home construction?

It gave veterans $2,000 to help purchase a home.

Which act provided foreign policy information to the president?

Central Intelligence Agency.

What is true regarding The National Security Council Paper 68 (NSCP68)?

Provided a look at how the U.S. defense policy was shaped, a steep increase in peacetime military spending, construction of a hydrogen bomb.

How did Chinese Nationalist Chiang Kai-shek compare to the communist Mao Zedong?

Chiang’s government was ineffective and unpopular, but Mao gained a reputation for supporting the common man.

What effect did the United States’ aid to France have during the conflict between the French and Ho Chi Minh in Vietnam?

The French retained control of the southern part of Vietnam.

Why was China's shift to communism a serious loss to the United States?

The United States could no longer count on China as an ally.

In addition to the United States, who else fought alongside South Korea in the Korean War?

France.

Which country provided North Korea with troops during the Korean War?

China.

What did Korea and Vietnam have in common after World War II?

Both were divided into two countries.

How did the Korean War end?

North Korea and South Korea agreed to a truce.

What did the Alien Registration Act of 1940 do?

Prohibited discussing overthrowing the government.

What prevented Alger Hiss from being charged with espionage?

Too much time had passed between the alleged crime and Chambers' accusation.

Why were the 'Hollywood Ten' charged with contempt of Congress?

They refused to answer questions during HUAC hearings.

Why were the Venona Papers important?

They revealed that HUAC’s concern about a domestic communist threat was warranted.

Which idea fueled McCarthyism?

Government officials should prove they are not sympathetic to communism.

Why did so many Republicans support the claims of Joseph McCarthy?

They thought that supporting them would help the party gain votes.

How did McCarthy’s actions change after the election of 1952?

He gained power and began to target more groups within the government.

What reason did Senator Joseph McCarthy give for the United States losing the Cold War?

There were traitors in the U.S. government.

Which group did Joseph McCarthy target within the U.S. government?

Gays and lesbians.

What was the Manhattan Project?

A program that developed the American atomic bomb.

What was the purpose of the 'Marshall Plan'?

To rebuild Europe after World War II.

What might Europeans have feared about the 'Marshall Plan'?

That it was a way for the United States to take over the continent.

Why was the Soviets' test of an atomic bomb in 1949 shocking?

Few believed the Soviet Union had the resources to create an atomic bomb.

How did the Federal Republic of Germany come to be?

The United States, Britain, and France merged their occupation zones.

When did the Soviet Union develop its own atomic bomb?

What did the United States lose when China became a communist country?

An ally.

What charge did Alger Hiss face during his trial?

Libel.

What happened to the 'Hollywood Ten' after their HUAC hearings?

They were jailed and then blacklisted.

Why was the period following World War II called the Cold War?

The United States and Soviet Union never engaged in open warfare.

Which statement best describes the connection between World War II and the spread of communism in Europe?

The Soviet Union pushed westward against the Germans, occupied the nations it passed through, and installed communist governments.

What happened to Germany after World War II?

It was divided into two countries.

Why were women pressured to leave jobs and college to make room for men?

Many employers believed that men should work outside the home and women inside it.

What was a major reason Eisenhower won the presidency in 1952?

He had been a general who defeated Hitler in World War II.

Why did people migrate to the Sunbelt in the 1950s?

To find jobs in manufacturing.

What were an advantage and a disadvantage of the increase in cars in American culture?

It gave people more freedom of movement but polluted the environment.

Why did the U.S. overthrow the democratically elected prime minister of Iran in 1953?

The U.S. feared that he would make Iran a communist country.

What happened to the military budget during the years when the U.S. was building enough nuclear weapons to practice deterrence?

Defense spending declined by 20 percent.

What was the baby boom?

The surge in the number of babies born from 1946 through 1964.

How did President Eisenhower respond when the Soviets launched the first artificial satellite?

He created the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

How did the pressure on women to leave their jobs contribute to the baby boom?

Many women wound up at home, having and caring for children.

What was the effect of the Salk vaccine on the United States?

The general health of the American population greatly improved.

What was the population shift from cities to outlying communities called?

Suburbanization.

What was the fastest-growing form of transportation during the Cold War years?

Cars.

What was the advantage to homebuyers of mass-produced houses?

They were built faster than custom houses, so they cost less.

How did the Interstate Highway System benefit the economy?

Industries could transport goods more easily and cheaply.

Which statement describes a benefit and a problem of a long commute to work?

It improves the American landscape but makes the U.S. more reliant on oil.

What is a country’s GNP?

The total value of goods and services produced in a year.

What is a major reason the U.S. Congress passed the Air Pollution Control Act?

Cars were generating millions of tons of air pollution.

What did the popularity of cars affect?

Americans' diets.

Which of the following led to suburban sprawl?

Shifts in manufacturing after World War II.

Who was Elvis Presley?

An early singer of rock and roll music.

Why was the Beat Generation the first generation in which large numbers of young people wanted to escape middle-class life?

Most people were happy being middle class before '50s conformity stifled them.

Why did CBS, ABC, and NBC become major national TV networks?

They turned radio programs into TV shows and had more money, better technology, and greater talent than the others.

How were early rock and roll musicians like Beat writers?

Both appealed to young people.

What was urban renewal intended to achieve?

Improved housing for people who were living in slums.

Why did urban renewal fail?

It broke apart communities, which made escaping poverty more difficult.

In the title of the documentary Harvest of Shame, who did Edward R. Murrow intend should feel ashamed?

Everyone who ignores starving people.

Why was poverty severe in Appalachia?

The terrain is unsuitable for farming and industry aside from environmentally-destructive coal mining.

Why did a panel of federal judges rule that Native American Miguel Trujillo had the right to vote?

Prohibiting Native Americans from voting violated the Constitution.

Why was the National Congress of American Indians founded in 1944?

Native Americans wanted to advocate for their sovereignty.

What did LULAC and the Unity League do?

Fight discrimination against Mexican Americans.

What issue led many Native American groups to join the National Congress of American Indians?

Self-determination.

What did the Unity League accomplish?

It won lawsuits against segregated schools.