healthcare overview test

OBRA

Omnibus budget roconcillation Act

Law in nursing homes that deals with specific resident rights regarding privacy, medical care choices and dignity

Medicare/ Medicaid

• medicare: for adults 65 and older, regardless of income, and for people with long tern disabilities

• Medicaid: low income adults, and people with disabilities

Which memeber of care team diagnosis disease and prescribes treatment

Physician

Speech language pathologist

Deals with patients who have trouble swallowing or talking

Integumentary system aging process

• production of skin cells decrease

• Oil and sweat glands become less active

• Circulation to skin decreases

• Hair loses color and falls out

• Skin becomes dry and less elastic

• Nails come thin and brittle

• Dark yellow spots appear on skin

• To help as a healthcare professional you can use mild soaps and lotion, limit showers, shampoo as needed, and proper diet and exercise.

Musculoskeletal aging process

• muscle lose tone, volume and strength

• Bones break more easily

• Joints become stiff and less flexible

• Decrease in height

• Less moblilty

• Weakness

• Slower movements

• As a healthcare professional you can encourage them to exercise , eat protein and calcium, and provide a safe environment

Respiratory aging process

• breathing muscles become weak

• Rib cage come rigid

• Alveoli Become thinner and less elastic

• Difficulty breathing

• More rapid breathing

• More susceptible to colds and pneumonia

• As a a healthcare professional you can encourage the patient to rest more during activities, keep the head of bed elevated , avoid polluted air

Circulatory system aging process

• heart cant beat forcibly

• Blood vessels are less elastic

• Blood flow to brain and organs decrease

• Pt can fee dizziness, weak, numbness and Tachycardia

• As a healthcare professional you can avoid overexertion, rest short intervals, moderate exercise, diet in low sodium and fat

Nervous system aging process

• decrease in blood flow to the brain

• Sense of smell, taste, and vision decrease

• Can result in short term memory loss

• Difficulty reading small print

• Decrease night vision

• Food may seem less tasteless

• As and healthcare professional you can give them time to think, provide proper eyecare and give attractive food for appetite

Digestive system aging process

• fewer digestive justices and enzymes and saliva

• Muscle action decrease slowing persistalis

• Teeth are lost

• Liver function decrease

• Pt may experience difficulty swallowing

• Difficulty chewing

• Indigestion

• As an healthcare professional to help you can give good oral hygiene, repair bad teeth, eat more high fiber food and high protein

Urinary system aging process

• Kidneys decrease in size and are less efficieny

• Bladder retains urine becasue it does not empty completely

• It can result in nocturia

• Bladder infections

• Incontinece

• As an healthcare professional to help you can encourage fluid intake, regular trips to the bathroom, bladder training

Reproductive system aging process

• decease of estrogen and progesterone

• Breast sag and fat is redistributed

• Decrease teresterne in men

• Result is in more vaginal infection

• Sexual desires may or may not decline

• As an healthcare professional you can respect privacy of old marry couples, good hygiene, and treat vaginal infectionals

Endocrine system aging process

• increase in some hormones such as TSH

• Decrease in other hormones such as thyroxin, estrogen, and testerone

• Result in immune system less effective

• Basic metabolic rate decrease

• As an healthcare worker you can encourage proper exercise, balanced diet, healthy lifestyle