Chapter 8: Female Reproductive System

amni/o

amnion

bartholin/o

Bartholin gland

cervic/o

cervix; neck

chori/o

chorion

chorion/o

chorion

colp/o & vagin/o

vagina

culd/o

cul-de-sac

episi/o & vulv/o

vulva

galact/o & lact/o

milk

gynec/o

woman; female

hyster/o & metr/o & metri/o & uter/o

uterus; wound

mamm/o & mast/o

breast

men/o

menses; menstruation

my/o

muscle; muscle tumor

myom/o

muscle, muscle tumor

nat/i

birth

obstetr/o

pregnancy and childbirth

o/o & ovul/o & ov/o

egg

oophor/o & oovari/o

ovary

perine/o

perineum

phor/o

to bear

salping/o

fallopian tube

-arche

beginning

-cyesis

pregnancy (suffix)

-gravida

pregnant (suffix)

-parous

bearing; bringing forth

-rrhea

discharge

-salpinx

fallopain (uterine) tube (suffix)

-tocia

labor, birth

-version

act of turning

dys-

painful

endo-

within

in-

in

intra-

within

multi-

many

nulli-

no; not; none

pre-

before

primi-

first

retro-

backward

Ovum

Female sex cell

Sperm

Male Sex cell

Gamete

Term used to describe sex cell in general

Gonad

Word used to describe reproductive organs

testes or testicles

Male Gonads

Ovaries

Female Gonads

Zygote

Fertilized ovum

Embryo

What a zygote becomes after several cell division. 2-8 weeks we refer to a fetus as a ?

Fetus

8-40 weeks

Gestation

Another word for pregnancy

Menarche

First menstrual cycle of a female

neonatology

The study of the care and treatment of a newborn.

Perineum

Area between the vagina and the anus.

Clitoris

Part of the female genitalia

Vulva

External genitalia of the female

Fundus

Upper portion of the uterus

Corpus

Central portion of the uterus

Cervix

Lower portion of the uterus

mammillary papilla

Word for nipple

Areola

Dark pigmented area that surrounds the mammillary papilla

Parturition

Word that means giving birth

Placenta

Vascular organ attached to the uterine wall

Chorion

Outmost membrane and surrounds the embryo

Amnion

innermost membrane and holds the fetus in the amniotic cavity.

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)

Hormone the placenta is producing in the uterus

Bartholin Glands

Small mucus secreting exocrine glands at the vaginal orifice

Cul de sac

Region in the lower abdomen, midway between the rectum and the uterus

Fallopian Tube

One pair of ducts through which the ovum travels to the uterus

Fimbriae

Fringe or fringe like projections at the end of the fallopian tubes

Hymen

Mucous membranes partially or completely covering the opening to the vagina

Carcinoma of the cervix

Malignant cells within the cervix

Cervicitis

Inflammation of the cervix

Carcinoma of the endometrium

Malignant tumor of the uterine lining (adenocarcinoma)

Endometriosis

When endometrial tissue is located outside the uterus

Fibroids

Benign tumors in the uterus

Ovarian Carcinoma

Malignant tumor of the ovary

Ovarian Cysts

Collections of fluid within sacs in the ovary

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Inflammation and infection of organs in the pelvic region. Leading cause of PID is STI’s

Carcinoma of Breast

Malignant tumor of the breast

Fibrocystic Disease

Numerous small sacs of fluid surrounded by dense strands of fibrous tissue in the breast

Abruptio Placentae

Premature sepertation of the normally implanted placenta

Ectopic Pregnancy

Implantation of the fertilized egg in any site other than the normal uterine location

Multiple Gestations

When there is more than one fetus inside the uterus

Placenta Previa

Implantation of the placenta over the cervical opening or in the lower region of the uterus

Preclampsia

Abnormal condition associated with pregnancy, marked by high blood pressure, proteinuria, edema, and headache.

APGAR Score

System of scoring an infant 1 min and 5 minutes after birth, and looking at the heart rate, respiration, color, muscle tone, and response to stimuli.

Down Syndrome

Chromosal abnormality (trisomy 21) results in mental retardation, retarted growth, a flat face with a short nose, low set ears, slanted eyes

erythroblastis fetalus

Hemolytic disease in newborn caused by a blood group incompatibility between mother and the fetus.

Hyaline membrane disease

Acute lung disease commonly seen in premature newborns (Also called RDS)

Hydropcephalus

Accumulation of fluid in the spaces of the brain

Meconium aspiration syndrome

Abnormal inhalation of meonium produced by a fetus or newborn

Pyloric stenosis

narrowing of the opening of the stomach to the duodenum

Hysterosalpingography

Xray imaging (USING CONTRAST) of the fallopian tubes after injection of contrast material.

Aspiration

Withdrawal of fluid from a cavity or sac with an instrument using suction

Cauterization

Destruction of tissue by burning

Colposcopy

Visual examination of the vagina and cervix using a colposcope

Conization

Removal of a cone shape section of the cervix

Cryosurgery

Use of cold temperatures to destroy tissue

Culdocentesis

Needle aspiration of fluid from the cul-de-sac

Dilation and curettage

Widening of the cervix and scraping off the endometrial lining of the uterus

Laparscopy

Visual examination of the abdominal cavity using an endoscope