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For generations the Apache, guided by leaders such as Chochise and Geronimo, resisted
white colonization of their homeland in the Southwest by both Spaniards and North American
settlers
Apache
Tecumseh was the Shawnee chief, orator, military leader, and advocate of intertribal Indian
alliance who directed Indian resistance to white rule in the Ohio River vallev. In the War of
1812 he joined British forces for the capture of Detroit and the invasion of Ohio.
Tecumseh
The Hop's origin traditions tell that their ancestors climbed upward through underground
chambers called kivas and lived in many places before reaching their present settlements in
the Fourth World.
Hopi
Which people inhabited the east bank of the lower Mississippi
River and had a caste system, hereditary aristocracy, and lineage
of rulership?
Natchez
Characterized as one of the world's oldest participatory democracies, the Iroquois
Confederacy (also called Haudenosaunee) was composed of five (later six) Iroquois nations
across upper New York state that during the 17th and 18th centuries played a strategic role in the
struggle between the French and British for control of North America.
Iroquois
In the 19th century the Mandan lived in dome-shaped earth lodges clustered in stockaded
villages. Each village generally had three chiefs: one for war, one for peace, and one as the
day-to-day village leader.
Mandan
Which group constituted one of the largest
politically integrated tribes at the time of European colonization
of the Americas?
Cherokee
Who was the principal chief of the Oglala Teton Dakota (Sioux)
who successfully resisted the U.S. government's development of
the Bozeman Trail?
Red Cloud
In 1832 which 65-year-old Sauk warrior led some
1,000 Sauk, Fox, and Kickapoo men, women, and children across
the Mississippi River to reclaim land in Illinois that tribal
spokesmen had surrendered to the U.S. in 1804?
Black Hawk