Normal lang study guide QUIZ 3

Communitive Copetence

learning how to make languge work in interactions with other people

includes comunitive purposes (questions, requests, giving orders), convo skills (starting convo, turn taking, and staying on topic)

Register

A speech style that changes with the people, setting, or topic

ex: the way you talk to your friend is different then if you were talking to your teacher

Dialect

a form of language used by people from a particular region or group

• dialect differeces are not lang disorders

Jargon

language assisated with a particular group or area of work

Conversational skills

• notice: turn taking, staying on topic, enough info, giving and responding to feedback

Coheasive devices

words or expressions that connect ideas

Ellipis

leaving out words that the listener can understand from context

back-chanel feedback

breif responses tha show that you are listening

How do children learn communitive competence

family mems, schools and peers, feedback/reinforment, their own knowlege and understanding

Why does communitive competence matter

it helps children with family, peers, and others. oral storytelling, important for classroom particapation

A child uses one way of speaking with a friend and different way of speaking with a purfessor

The child is changing their resistur

A child gives directions but leaves out info the listener needs to find the correct classroom

Ellipis

Why are their different theories?

they try to explain how children learn language

Bahavioral Aproach

Language is learned from experence.

Lingusitic (navist) aproach

Chrildren are born with the abilities that help them learn langauge. the brain has a special capacity for language.

Language farulity

a proposed built in capacity for lang

univeral grammer

proposed underlying princaples shared across lang

LAD

lang aqusition divice

Compatance

the language knowlage a person has

performace

the language a person produces

Interactionist aproach

language learning is infulced by several factors working together

Cognitive approaches

(piaget) lang development is connective to cognitive skills

Gestural approaches

are important in early communication. infants point and uses gestures before spoken words

usage-based theroy

children hear lang in reapated interactions. they notice patterns in the interactions they hear

A child says “I goed to the park” even though no adults has modeled the same exact sentence

Lingusit apporach

A caregiver follows a childs attention, labels the toy the child is looking at, and responds to childs attemts to communicate

interations , joint attention

What does variation mean?

Children do not learn lang in the same way

two children may reach the same milestone with different paths

Expressive learners

use more social personal words

more pronons

Referntal learners

use more names for objects

use more general nouns

Nominal stratgey

use more content words (nouns/labels)

Pronominal stragety

more pronouns, some measures like flu

Other differnces in how children use language

• differ in how they divide speech stream into words

• use familuar or frozen speeches

Child factors

when langauge begins and how quickly it develops

indivulal ablities nput i

input factors

different language experences

caregiver convo style

technology inturupting interactions

Social/cultural facrors

• socioconomic staus is assocated with differnces in lang experences

• culture infulences lang

Lingustic factors

lang differ in sentence structure

children may learn more than 1 language

Two children use different kinds of words in their first vocabulaires. one uses many object names: he other uses semi personal words

the child is showing referntial style and expressive style

A child uses a dialect spoken in the childs community. The dialect differs from the axaminers way of speaking

The clinician should be careful because a dialect is a lanaguge difference and NOT a disorder

Language Delay

lang develops later or slowly than expected

DLD developmental langauge disorder

persistant lang difficulty that affects everyday functioning

What contrbutes to aytipical lang development

gentic bais, envionmental causes, lead exposure,

Signs of DLD

• start talking later than expected

• late talkers at age 2 catch up around age 4

• not diagonsed before age 4

• affect vocab, grammer and pragmaic social use

Vocabular (Lexicon) be affected by DLD

word learning or word mapping may be slower

Othert with DLD

• some might be diagonsed with dislexia

DLD intervention

parent training/involment, imitation and feedback, modleing and focased language,

Hearing imparment

can affect spoken language, newborn hearing screening helps identify it

Affects: vocab development, grammer development, working memory, reading/writing

Communication options for hearing loss

ASL and coclar implants

Intelectual disablity

involves cognitive differences, affect language aqustion language dev might be delayed ( diffuclty greater in may be greater in gammer/ sentunce stucture, pragmatic skills)

Language intervention with intellectual disability

Begin intervention early, plan for generlization, parent counsling

Autsim Spectrum diorder (ASD)

ASD includes differences in social
communication and restricted interests or
repetitive behaviors

Joint attention

sharing atttion with another person

Theroy of mind

understanding other peoples and metal states

Echolia

reapating words or phrases heard from others

ASD Treatment

begiin as early as possile, involve family, focas on social and pragmtic communication

Early warning signs of aytipcal development

• not babbling by 12 months

• not using getures by 12 months

• no spoken words by 18 months

• fewer than 50 words by 24 months

• any loss of speech or language skills at any age

A mulilinual child receves a low score on an english only lang test

The perfomace of englISh lang at home

A child is decribed as a late talker based on single obersvation

No this dose not mean DLD, watch it over time

A child speaks in complete sentences but
frequently interrupts, changes topics abruptly, and
gives too little information for a listener to follow.
Which language domain(s) would you examine, and
why?

Examine pragmatics because it governs the social use of language

Varation

Variation is interpreted in context

Disorder

requires evedence of percentent difficulty

Name at least 4 sorces of evdence an SLP might combine when evaliuating a childs lang