IDIOMATIC SPANISH 1

The quiet one

La callada

The woman in the white shirt

La de la camisa blanca

When do you use/not use indef. articles (un, una, etc.)

General noun - don’t use art. (mi padre es doctor)

Specific noun - use art. (mi padre es un doctor de neurologia)

How to tell this + these v.s. that + those?

this + these have Ts; that + those don’t

This kid! (exasperated/negative)

El chico este!

This one

este/a

Latter is more _____, former is more _____

Esta es mas _____, aquello es mas _____

Guy/that guy

Ese

Those employees (undetermined)

aquellos

back then

en aquel entonces

It has charm

Tiene su aquel

Biggest rule for lo

NEVER subject pronoun (only direct object); refers to abstract things when directly before adj (lo feo, lo bueno, etc.)

pronoun referring to the whole situation (what)

Lo que

Italian style

a lo italiano

all of this

todo esto

because of this/that

por esto/aquello

considering this

ante esto

having said this

dicho esto

that is (to say)

eso es

this/that business about

esto/eso (o aquello) de

this is the life

esto es vida

That’s right!

Eso/Eso es

That’s all

Eso es todo

That being said

Eso

around 8 pm

a eso de las ocho

Why (interrupting a convo)

Y eso?

Despite/even though

eso que; a pesar de eso/ello

working on it

estar en ello

phrase to encourage someone to do smth

A (por) ello

Count on it

cuenta con ello

for this reason

debido ello

difference between aquello and eso

Aquello connotates more physical distance

all that

todo aquello

when to use bueno/malo vs bien/mal

bueno/mal = adj; bien/mal = adverbs; NEVER use ser with bien

The goods/property

Los bienes

The food is good there

Se come bien alli

It fits you well

te queda bien

on second thought

pero mirandolo bien

to fall sick (malo)

ponerse malo

current/modern

actual

previous; former

anterior; antiguo

Of course

Claro que

cualquier vs cualquiera

cualquier - “any”; precedes noun

cualquiera - “average/typical”; after nouns; “anyone” as a noun

anything

cualquier cosa

in any case

de cualquier forma

any of

cualquiera de

whose

cuyo

All the rest vs all the others

Todo lo demas vs todos los demas

otherwise (d)

por lo demas

said another way

dicho de otra manera

by the way (d)

dicho sea de paso

next to (j)

junto a

outside

aire libre

tax free

libre de impuestos

free; unoccupied

libre

to grow old

hacerse mayor

the majority

la mayor parte

it doesn’t matter (m)

es lo mismo

to do something by oneself

hacer algo por si mismo

right now (emphasis)

ahora mismo

again (n)

de nuevo

own; charactersitc (like of a region)

propio

appropriate for (p)

propio para

next (immediately upcoming), nearby

proximo

the following

lo siguente

such a thing

tal cosa

as things are

tal como esta

theyre both the same (t)

tal para cual

as long as

con tal de que + subjuntivo

finally

por ultimo

the latest style; the latest

a la ultima; lo ultimo

besides, furthermore

ademas

in addition to (a)

ademas de

somewhere; something like that

por ahi

thats why (a)

de ahi

back home

alla

beyond

mas alla

back then

antes

above all

antes de nada

as soon as possible

lo antes posible

barely, hardly

apenas

like this, that way

asi

thats how things are

es asi

hopefully

asi sea

so that (p)

para que

still/ not yet

todavia/aún

Aún vs aun

Aún - still/not yet

Aun - even

just about

casi casi

Wha do you mean (c )

como que?

Luego vs Entonces

Luego - “next/then”; good for narrating

Entonces - “at that moment”

by then

para entonces

in that case (e)

entonces

nevermind then

pues nada entonces

therefore

luego

facing

frente a

not even

ni incluso

perhaps/maybe

quizas (add si or no for maybe so or maybe no)

just because (s)

porque si

approval/consent

el si

so/such a

tan