PSYC EXAM 2

What is organizational identification?

Membership in the organization becomes part of self-concept; perceived self-organization overlap is high.

How does social identity theory help explain identification?

A valued group membership helps define who someone is and guides norms of behavior.

What is optimal distinctiveness?

Balancing belonging with uniqueness; a smaller team may satisfy both needs.

What are the three commitment mindsets?

Affective: want to stay. Normative: ought to stay. Continuance: need to stay because leaving is costly.

What distinguishes the two commitment profiles?

Moral imperative: high affective and normative, low continuance. Indebted obligation: low affective, high normative and continuance.

Why can retention rise without stronger performance or OCB?

Costs of leaving can increase continuance commitment without increasing desire or discretionary contribution.

Can satisfaction be high while identification is low?

Yes. Someone can enjoy the job without defining themselves through organizational membership.

Why measure both global and facet satisfaction?

Global captures overall evaluation; facets show which job aspects are satisfactory or problematic.

How do intrinsic and extrinsic satisfaction differ?

Intrinsic concerns work content and inherent rewards; extrinsic concerns surrounding conditions such as pay and security.

What are the five job characteristics?

Skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback. Task identity concerns completing a whole piece of work.

What does Herzberg distinguish?

Hygiene factors reduce dissatisfaction; motivators support satisfaction. This does not imply that pay is irrelevant.

How do promotion and prevention focus differ?

Promotion seeks gains and accomplishment; prevention emphasizes obligations and avoiding losses. Both framing and individual differences matter.