SCI Motor/Sensory Deficits - Updated

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Last updated 11:21 PM on 10/6/26
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11 Terms

1
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Presentation & Intervention For (Presentation): C1-C3

  • Neck flexion/extension/rotation 

  • Significant respiratory impairment

  • May require ventilatory support


2
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Presentation & Intervention For (Presentation): C4

  • Scapular evaluation 

  • Diaphragmatic functions

  • May eventually wean from ventilation


3
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Presentation & Intervention For (Presentation): C5

  • Preserved: Deltoid, biceps, brachialis, branchioradialis, rhomboids, part of serratus anterior 

  • Movement: Shoulder flexion, shoulder extension, shoulder abduction, elbow flexion, supination, Scapular movement

  • Absent/limited: Elbow extension, pronation, wrist/hand movement, trunk movement, LE movement.


4
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Presentation & Intervention For (Presentation): C6

  • Client Gains: Scapular protraction, some horizontal adduction, forearm supination, radial wrist extension. 

  • Still Absent: Wrist flexion, elbow extension


5
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Presentation & Intervention For (Presentation): C7

Elbow extension, increased wrist/hand function

6
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Presentation & Intervention For (Presentation): C8

Wrist flexion, finger flexion/extension, thumb abduction, greater grasp/release potential

7
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Presentation & Intervention For (Presentation): C5 Tetraplegia

  • Shoulder Movement 

  • Elbow Flexion 

  • No functional wrist/hand movement


8
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Presentation & Intervention For (Presentation): C6 Tetraplegia

Major gain: wrist extension, wrist extension allows tendesis grasp

9
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Presentation & Intervention For: C6 Tetraplegia - Tenodesis Grasp

A passive hand movement by moving the wrist backwards (wrist extension), the tendon pulls tight and automatically curls your fingers and thumbs into a grip. To release, mend your wrist forward (wrist flexion), the tendons loosen and fingers straighten to drop or release the items.

10
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Presentation & Intervention For (Presentation): C7 Tetraplegia

  • Major Gains: Triceps → elbow extension

  • Improves: Reaching, pushing, transfers, manual wheelchair propulsion, ADL performance.


11
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Surgical Options for UE: Tendon Transfer

Functioning muscle/tendon is redirected to replace a lost hand function

  • May improve: Grasp, pinch, and release 

  • Considered after neurological recovery and strength have stabilized