How Kidneys Produce Urine

Right and left renal arteries

Where blood enters the kidneys

Arterioles

Carry blood to capillaries

Glomerulus

Tiny ball of capillaries in the kidney, filter blood

Bowman’s capsule

Enclosing structure surrounding each glomerulus

Renal tubule

Microscopic tube in kidney where urine is formed after filtration, attached to each bowman’s capsule

Three steps in the formation of urine

Glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, tubular secretion

Nephron

Functional unit of the kidney where filtration, reabsorption, and secretion take place

Calyx/Calix

Cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis

Renal pelvis

Central collection region in the kidney, all collecting tubules lead here

Process of forming and expelling urine

Bloodstream, glomerulus, bowman capsule, renal tubule, renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, urethra