Lower Extremity OIA

Gluteus Maximus

O: Posterior Iliac Crest, Sacrum, Coccyx, Lumbodorsal Fascia

I: Iliotibial Band, Posterior Femur below Greater Trochanter

A: Extends Hip, Laterally rotates Femur, Supports Knee

Gluteus Medius

O: Anterior Iliac Crest, Posterior Lateral Ilium

I: Greater Trochanter of Femur

A: Abducts and Medially Rotates Femur

Gluteus Minimus

O: Lateral Surface of Ilium

I: Greater Trochanter of Femur

A: Abducts and Medially Rotates Femur

Tensor Fascia Lata

O: Anterior Superior Iliac Spine, Anterior Iliac Crest

I: Lateral Condyle of Tibia via the Iliotibial Band

A: Flexes Hip, Abducts and Medially Rotates Femur; Tenses Fascia Lata, Supporting the Knee

Piriformis

O: Anterior Surface of Sacrum

I: Greater Trochanter of Femur

A: Laterally Rotates and Abducts Femur

Quadratus Femoris

O: Ischial Tuberosity

I: Intertrochanteric Crest

A: Laterally Rotates Femur

Adductor Magnus

O: Inferior Ramus of Pubis and Ischial Tuberosity

I: Linea Aspera

A: Adducts Femur, Flexes Hip

Adductor Longus

O: Inferior Ramus of Pubis

I: Linea Aspera

A: Adducts Femur and Flexes Hip

Adductor Brevis

O: Inferior Ramus of Pubis

I: Superior Linea Aspera

A: Adducts Femur and Flexes Hip

Pectineus

O: Superior Ramus of Pubis

I: Below Lesser Trochanter of Femur

A: Adducts Femur and Flexes Hip

Iliacus

O: Iliac Fossa

I: Lesser Trochanter of Femur

A: Flexes Hip, if thigh is stable it flexes the lumbar spine

Psoas Major

O: Lateral Bodies of T12 to L5, Intervertebral Discs

I: Lesser Trochanter

A: Flexes Hip, if Thigh is Stable it Flexes Lumbar Spine

Gracilis

O: Inferior Ramus of Pubis

I: Proximal, Medial Shaft of the Tibia

A: Flexes Knee, Adducts Femur

Sartorius

O: Anterior Superior Iliac Spine

I: Proximal, Medial Shaft of the Tibia

A: Flexes Hip and Laterally Rotates Femur, Flexes Knee

Rectus Femoris

O: Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine

I: Tibial Tuberosity via the Patellar Ligament

A: Extends Knee, Flexes Hip

Vastus Medialis

O: Intertrochanteric Line, Medial Linea Aspera of Femur

I: Tibial Tuberosity via the Patellar Ligament

A: Extends Knee

Vastus Lateralis

O: Greater Trochanter, Lateral Linea Aspera

I: Tibial Tuberosity, via the Patellar Ligament

A: Extends Knee

Vastus Intermedius

O: Anterior and Lateral Surfaces of Body of Femur

I: Tibial Tuberosity via the Patellar Ligament

A: Extends Knee

Biceps Femoris

O: Ischial Tuberosity (long head), Linea Aspera (short head)

I: Head of Fibula, Lateral Condyle of Tibia

A: Extends Hip, Laterally Rotates Femur, Flexes Knee

Semitendinosus

O: Ischial Tuberosity

I: Proximal, Medial Shaft of Tibia

A: Extends Hip and Medially Rotates Femur, Flexes Knee

Semimembranosus

O: Ischial Tuberosity

I: Posterior Medial Condyle of Tibia

A: Extends Hip and Medially Rotates Femur, Flexes Knee

Tibialis Anterior

O: Lateral Condyle and Proximal Shaft of Tibia

I: Base of First Metatarsal, Medial Cuneiform

A: Dorsiflexes Ankle, Inverts Foot

Extensor Hallucis Longus

O: Anterior Fibula

I: Distal Phalanx of Hallux

A: Dorsiflexes Ankle, Extends Hallux

Extensor Digitorum Longus

O: Lateral Condyle of Tibia, Superior Fibula

I: Phalanges of Toes 2-5

A: Dorsiflexes Ankle, Extends Toes

Fibularis Tertius

O: Distal, Anterior Fibula

I: Proximal Fifth Metatarsal

A: Dorsiflexes Ankle, Everts Foot

Fibularis Longus

O: Proximal Fibula

I: Base of First Metatarsal, Medial Cuneiform

A: Plantarflexes Ankle, Everts Foot

Fibularis Brevis

O: Lateral Inferior Fibula

I: Base of Fifth Metatarsal

A: Plantarflexes Ankle, Everts Foot

Gastrocnemius

O: Superior Aspect of Medial & Lateral Condyles of Femur

I: Posterior Calcaneus via Achilles Tendon

A: Plantarflexes Ankle, Flexes Knee

Soleus

O: Posterior, Superior Fibula and Tibia

I: Posterior Calcaneus via Achilles Tendon

A: Plantarflexes Ankle

Plantaris

O: Femur Superior to Lateral Condyle

I: Posterior Calcaneus via Achilles Tendon

A: Plantarflexes Ankle, Flexes Knee

Popliteus

O: Lateral Condyle of Femur

I: Proximal Posterior Tibia

A: Flexes Knee and Medially Rotates Tibia

Flexor Hallucis Longus (TDH)

A: Flexes Hallux, Plantar Flexes Ankle

Flexor Digitorum Longus (TDH)

A: Flexes Digits 2-5, Plantarflexes Ankle

Tibialis Posterior (TDH)

O: Posterior Tibia and Fibula

I: Navicular, Cuboid, all Cuneiforms, and Base of Metatarsals 2-4

A: Plantarflexes Ankle, Inverts Foot

Flexor Digitorum Brevis

A: Flexes Toes

Lumbricals (Foot)

A: Flex Metatarsophalangeal joints, Extend interphalangeal joints

Quadratus Plantae

A: Assist the Flexor Digitorum Longus to Flex Toes

Plantar Interossei

A: Adduct Toes

Extensor Digitorum Brevis

A: Extends 4 Lateral Toes

Extensor Hallucis Brevis

A: Extends Hallux

Dorsal Interossei (Foot)

A: Abduct Toes