2.1 Mesopotamia

Akkadian Empire

The first large Mesopotamian empire, created by Sargon around 2340 BCE and centered at Akkad

Assyrian Empire

A highly organized and militarized empire that controlled territory from western Iran to parts of Egypt, especially from 911-609 BCE

Code of Hammurabi

A stone monument containing 282 legal judgements that presented Hammurabi as a divinely approved and just ruler

Composite Bow

A strong, compact bow made from several materials; difficult to build, but effective for mobile warfare

Deportation

The forced relocation of conquered populations; Assyria used it to weaken rebellion and redistribute labor and skills

empire

a political system in which one ruler or center controls many cities, regions and peoples

enheduanna

Sargons daughter and high priestess at Ur whose office linked Akkadian rule to southern Mesopotamia religion

Hammurabi

Babylonian king who briefly reunified Mesopotamia in the 18th century BCE and promoted royal justice through his law stele

Iron

A metal that required skilled production but became cheaper than bronze and was useful for agriculture tools, armor, and weapons

Sargon of Akkad

The ruler who conquered rival city-states and created the first mesopotamian ruler; he reigned for about 56 years