Section Three:Cardiovascular Systems

Which one of the following arteries IS NOT a direct branch off the arch of the aorta?

right common carotid

What is the main vein draining deoxygenated blood from the heart and placing it into the right atrium?

coronary sinus

Which one of the following arteries supplies oxygenated blood to the descending colon and upper portion of rectum?

inferior mesenteric

Which one of the following heart valves prevents the back flow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium?

left atrioventricular (bicuspid)

Which one of the following arteries directly supplies oxygenated blood to the walls of the heart?

coronary

Which one of the following structures is the pacemaker of the heart?

sinoatrial (SA) node

Which one of the following heart valves controls blood flow from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery?

pulmonary

Which one of the coronary arteries travels along the anterior surface of the heart between the two ventricles?

left anterior interventricular

Which one of the following veins drains de-oxygenated blood from the kidneys?

renal

Which one of the great vessels drains de-oxygenated blood from all the veins located above the diaphragm?

superior vena cava

Which one of the following choices is the CORRECT order of blood flow from the placenta to the fetus during fetal circulation utilizing the foramen ovale to by-pass the lungs)?

umbilical vein, ductus venosus, foramen ovale, aorta

Which one of the following structures carries CO2 and waste-laden blood from the fetus to the placenta?

umbilical artery

Most arteries supplying the adult body carry oxygen rich blood. Name an artery that DOES NOT carry oxygen rich blood?

pulmonary

Which one of the following structures by-passes the nonfunctional lungs and connects the pulmonary trunk to the aorta?

ductus arteriosus

Which one of the following organs serves as respiratory, digestive and execretory organ for the fetus?

placenta

Which one of the following structures enables blood to by-pass the liver and enter the inferior vena cava?

ductus venosus

During fetal circulation, a small amount of blood does travel through the right atrium into the right ventricle and is shunted from the pulmonary trunk to the aorta through the ductus arteriosus to also by-pass the nonfunctional lungs.

True

Failure to close off the ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale after birth can cause congenital heart disease resulting in abnormal oxygenation of the blood.

True

Which one of the following structures carries oxygen and nutrient rich blood from the placenta to the fetus?

umbilical vein

Which one of the following structures by-passes the nonfunctional lungs allowing the blood to flow from the right atrium directly into the left atrium?

foramen ovale

Which one of the following tunics is most superficial in position?

tunica externa

Which one of the following tunics has a smooth surface that decreases friction?

tunica intima

Veins can have valves to help prevent the backflow of blood.

True

Which one of the following tunics is the bulky middle layer of muscle and elastic tissue?

tunica media

Which one of the following tunics is most internal in position?

tunica intima

Which of the following tunics are located in arteries and veins?

all of the above

Which one of the following tunics is extra thick in arteries?

tunica media

Which one of the following tunics is located in capillaries?

tunica intima

The walls of the veins are relatively thicker than those of the corresponding arteries.

False

Arteries are dependent on its elasticity to propel the blood along the vessel.

True