Indus Valley Civilization

indus valley civilization founded by?

dravidians

location of indus valley civ in present day?

Pakistan, Gujarat, Punjab, Afghanistan

how big was the indus valley civ?

twice the size of epypt's old kingdom

how many areas along Indus and surrounding areas?

1,000-1,500

climate of indus valley civ

frequent drouts and floods, uncertain rains due to location

agriculture depended on what?

yearly floods

what is pastoralism?

domesticated sheep, goats, cattle, camels, water buffaloes

craftsmen

smiths, potters

extensive trade with who?

aran, mespataniya, central asia

what are stamps/seals?

they are worn around ankle or neck that can stamp wet clay to make neat designs

harappa

capital city of the area, located in punjab, population reached 35,000-80,000

mohenjo-daro

400 miles downstream from harappa

elaborate planning for cities/homes

means they have a well organized government

their ruler was who and what did he do?

was a priest/king and convinced people he could talk to God because then his people would listen to him

their system of writing has what?

not been deciphered

excavated/deep in the ground bones show what?

there were very few signs of diseases meaning wealthy people most likely were the ones to get buried

we think of it as a mostly peaceful society because of what?

few weapons have been found, no battle damage to buildings, no dipictions of war

polytheistic

many Gods in male and female forms (could be represented in animals)

mother goddess most likley associated with…what?

fertility

what is the meaning behind the association of mother goddess being fertility?

more kids= more children farm labor

gods control harvest so..what?

they sacrifice animals and offer grain,wine

only a few cemetaries found, which could mean…what?

only the wealthy were buried

earthquakes caused Indus to shift, creating…what?

flooding

homes appear to have been…what due to the floods?

abandoned suddenly

almost everyone was most likely gone when WHO arrived in 1500 BC?

aryans

who built railroads in the 1850's

the british

how was all of this discovered?

from archeology