EMT 211 Final CH 15-25

You are dispatched to a residence for a 40-year-old female who complains of lower abdominal pain, fever and chills, and a foul-smelling vaginal discharge. Which of the following additional assessment findings would increase your index of suspicion for pelvic inflammatory disease?

A. Vaginal passage of blood clots

B. Bright red blood in the urine

C. A history of ectopic pregnancy

D. A shuffling gait when walking

D. a shuffling gait when walking

The physical examination of a sexual assault victim should be:

A. limited to a brief survey for life-threatening injuries.

B. deferred until the patient can be evaluated by a physician.

C. performed in the presence of at least two police officers.

D. as detailed as possible so all injuries can be documented.

A. limited to a brief survey for life-threatening injuries

During your assessment of a young female with nontraumatic vaginal bleeding, you note that her level of consciousness is decreased, her respirations are rapid and shallow, her skin is cool and moist, and her pulse is rapid and weak. You should:

A. perform a visual assessment of her vaginal area.

B. perform a rapid secondary assessment.

C. assess her blood pressure and elevate her legs.

D. assist her ventilations with a bag-mask device.

D. assist her ventilations with a bag-mask device

Which of the following statements regarding rape is correct?

A. Only a licensed physician can make a diagnosis of rape.

B. Rape is a legal term, not a medical diagnosis.

C. Rape causes more physical than emotional harm.

D. The EMT should try to determine if rape occurred.

B. Rape is a legal term, not a medical diagnosis

A 24-year-old woman complains of an ache in her abdomen that gets worse when she walks. She has a fever and chills and tells you that it burns when she urinates. Which of the following should you suspect?

A. Chlamydia

B. Gonorrhea

C. Ectopic pregnancy

D. Pelvic inflammatory disease

D. Pelvic inflammatory disease

When caring for a female patient who has been sexually assaulted, you should:

A. ask the patient for a concise, detailed report of what happened to her.

B. advise her that she will not be allowed to shower or change her clothes.

C. allow law enforcement to take her statement before you begin treatment.

D. place any bloodstained clothing or other articles in separate paper bags.

D. place any bloodstained clothing or other articles in separate paper bags

When a woman presents with abdominal pain or other vague symptoms, the EMT is often unable to determine the nature of the problem until he or she:

A. ascertains if the patient was ever pregnant.

B. has obtained a complete set of vital signs.

C. has gathered patient history information.

D. has formed a general impression of the patient.

C. has gathered patient history information

Whenever possible, a female sexual assault victim should be:

A. thoroughly assessed, even if no signs of injury exist.

B. encouraged to take a shower and change her clothes.

C. asked to provide a brief description of the perpetrator.

D. given the option of being treated by a female EMT.

D. given the option of being treated by a female EMT

Which of the following conditions would MOST likely lead to pelvic inflammatory disease if left untreated?

A. Chlamydia

B. Genital herpes

C. Ectopic pregnancy

D. Ovarian cysts

A. Chlamydia

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) typically does NOT affect the:

A. uterus.

B. fallopian tubes.

C. urinary bladder.

D. ovaries.

C. urinary bladder

When documenting a call in which a female was sexually assaulted, you should:

A. only use quotation marks when recording any statements made by witnesses.

B. keep the report concise and record only what the patient stated in her own words.

C. record your opinion only if you have reasonable proof to justify the statement.

D. translate the patient's words or statements using proper medical terminology.

B. keep the report concise and record only what the patient stated in her own words

When caring for a woman who is experiencing a gynecologic emergency, the EMT's main focus should be to:

A. ask questions related to her gynecologic history.

B. maintain her ABCs and transport without delay.

C. determine the underlying cause of her problem.

D. keep assessment and treatment to a minimum.

B. maintain her ABCs and transport without delay

Pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis might have:

A. babies that deliver after 42 weeks.

B. secondary cervical cancer.

C. hypertension later in life.

D. low birth weight babies.

D. low birth weight babies

As a woman approaches menopause:

A. she cannot become pregnant because of fluctuating hormone levels.

B. her risk of developing pelvic inflammatory disease lowers significantly.

C. she usually experiences abdominal cramping without vaginal bleeding.

D. her menstrual periods may become irregular and vary in severity.

D. her menstrual periods may become irregular and vary in severity

The onset of menstruation usually occurs in females who are:

A. between 8 and 10 years of age.

B. between 18 and 23 years of age.

C. between 11 and 16 years of age.

D. between 25 and 28 years of age.

C. between 11 and 16 years of age

Law enforcement personnel request your assistance to assess a 31-year-old female who was sexually assaulted. When you arrive at the scene, you find the patient sitting on a curb outside her apartment. She is conscious, alert, and crying. When you ask her what happened, she tells you that she does not want to be treated or transported to the hospital. She further tells you that all she wants to do is clean up. You should:

A. provide emotional support and visually assess her for obvious trauma.

B. ask her if there is anyone you can contact, such as a friend or relative.

C. advise her that she cannot clean herself up because this will destroy evidence.

D. defer any physical assessment so that you do not destroy potential evidence.

A. provide emotional support and visually assess her for obvious trauma

Bacterial vaginosis is a condition that occurs when:

A. normal bacteria in the vagina are replaced by an overgrowth of other bacterial forms.

B. numerous bacteria enter the uterus through the cervix and cause severe tissue damage.

C. harmful bacteria infect and cause damage to the uterus, cervix, and fallopian tubes.

D. abnormal bacteria enter the vagina and cause damage without causing any symptoms.

A. normal bacteria in the vagina are replaced by an overgrowth of other bacterial forms

In contrast to bleeding caused by external trauma to the vagina, bleeding caused by conditions such as polyps or cancer:

A. often presents with acute pain.

B. is typically not as severe.

C. can be controlled in the field.

D. may be relatively painless.

D. may be relatively painless

Which of the following statements regarding gonorrhea is correct?

A. Symptoms of gonorrhea usually appear within 3 months after being infected.

B. Painful urination is a common symptom of gonorrhea in men and women.

C. Most men who are infected with gonorrhea do not experience symptoms.

D. Mild infections with gonorrhea cause abdominal pain, vomiting, and fever.

B. painful urination is a common symptoms of gonorrhea in men and women

Potentially life-threatening consequences of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) include:

A. ovarian cysts and gonorrhea.

B. ovarian abscess and ectopic pregnancy.

C. bacterial vaginosis and chlamydia.

D. uterine rupture with severe bleeding.

B. ovarian abscess and ectopic pregnancy

EMTs receive a call for a possible sexual assault. The patient is a young female who is conscious and alert and has no apparent injuries. She states, "I can't remember anything, but I know I was raped." The EMTs should suspect that:

A. an underlying head injury is causing her amnesia.

B. the patient was given a drug prior to the incident.

C. the traumatic experience has created a mental block.

D. the patient knew her attacker, but is afraid to say.

B. the patient was given a drug prior to the incident

Which of the following statements regarding pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is correct?

A. The most common presenting symptom of PID is generalized upper abdominal pain.

B. PID most commonly affects women who have had an ectopic pregnancy in the past.

C. PID can scar the fallopian tubes, which increases the risk of an ectopic pregnancy.

D. The most severe cases of PID occur in women who are not sexually active.

C. PID can scar the fallopian tubes, which increases the risk of an ectopic pregnancy

The most frequently used date rape drug is:

A. Xanax.

B. Ecstasy.

C. alcohol.

D. ketamine.

C. alcohol

A 26-year-old female presents with heavy vaginal bleeding. She is conscious, but restless. Her blood pressure is 84/54 mm Hg, her pulse is 120 beats/min and weak, and her respirations are 22 breaths/min with adequate depth. She tells you that she inserted a tampon about 2 hours ago. You should:

A. assist her ventilations with a bag-valve mask, place one sterile dressing into her vagina, perform a rapid secondary assessment, and transport.

B. administer high-flow oxygen, perform a detailed assessment of her vaginal area for signs of trauma, place her on her side, and transport.

C. administer high-flow oxygen, place a sterile pad over her vagina, keep her warm, elevate her lower extremities, and transport without delay.

D. administer high-flow oxygen, ask her to remove the tampon, perform a detailed secondary assessment, and transport promptly.

C. administer high-flow oxygen, place a sterile pad over her vagina, keep her warm, elevate her lower extremities, and transport without delay

In anticipation of receiving a fertilized ovum, the lining of the uterine wall:

A. becomes engorged with blood.

B. thins and begins to separate.

C. sheds and is expelled externally.

D. diverts blood flow to the vagina.

A. becomes engorged with blood

If a woman with vaginal bleeding reports syncope, the EMT should assume that she:

A. is in shock.

B. has an infection.

C. has an ectopic pregnancy.

D. is pregnant.

A. is in shock

General treatment for a woman with vaginal bleeding and shock following sexual assault includes all of the following, EXCEPT:

A. carefully removing any foreign bodies from the vagina.

B. supplemental oxygen and keeping the patient supine.

C. treating external lacerations with sterile compresses.

D. refraining from placing any dressings into the vagina.

A. carefully removing any foreign bodies from the vagina

The outermost cavity of a woman's reproductive system, which forms the lowest part of the birth canal, is called the:

A. cervix.

B. vagina.

C. uterus.

D. perineum.

B. vagina

When a female has reached menarche:

A. she is capable of becoming pregnant.

B. she can no longer produce an ovum.

C. she usually requires hormone therapy.

D. menstrual periods become less frequent.

A. she is capable of becoming pregnant

It is common for young females who experience their first menstrual period to:

A. have a false positive home pregnancy test result.

B. experience abdominal cramping, which may be misinterpreted.

C. become so emotionally distraught that they contemplate suicide.

D. lose up to 500 mL of blood within the first 24 hours.

B. experience abdominal cramping, which may be misinterpreted

Injury to the labia would most likely occur following:

A. sexual abuse.

B. a motor-vehicle crash.

C. strenuous exercise.

D. a significant fall

A. sexual abuse

Injuries to the vagina and external genitalia are serious because:

A. external injury is always associated with internal injury.

B. severe infection occurs in nearly all cases of external injury.

C. most injuries to these areas are unnoticed by the patient.

D. these areas are rich with blood vessels and nerves.

D. these areas are rich with blood vessels and nerves

During your assessment of a 30-year-old woman with abdominal pain, she tells you that she has been experiencing vaginal bleeding. Her vital signs are stable, and there are no signs of shock. What should you do?

A. Carefully pack her vagina with a sterile multi-trauma dressing.

B. Position her supine, elevate her legs, and keep her warm.

C. Visualize her vaginal area to assess the degree of bleeding.

D. Defer the vaginal examination until she is at the hospital.

D. defer the vaginal examination until she is at the hospital

Which of the following findings should make the EMT especially suspicious that a woman was sexually assaulted?

A. The odor of alcohol on her breath

B. A prescription for alprazolam (Xanax)

C. Inability to remember the event

D. Signs of shock on assessment

C. inability to remember the event

The most common presenting sign of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is:

A. vomiting.

B. generalized lower abdominal pain.

C. foul-smelling vaginal discharge

D. nausea.

B. generalized lower abdominal pain

Which of the following drugs is commonly referred to as "roofies"?

A. Ketamine

B. MDMA

C. GHB

D. Rohypnol

D. Rohypnol

Each ovary produces an ovum in alternating months and releases it into the:

A. uterus.

B. fallopian tube.

C. vagina.

D. cervical os.

B. fallopian tube

Which of the following statements regarding pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is correct?

A. PID is a life-threatening condition that is associated with shock.

B. PID is an infection of the lower female reproductive organs.

C. The majority of women with PID never develop symptoms.

D. Untreated PID can lead to an ectopic pregnancy or an abscess.

D. untreated PID can lead to an ectopic pregnancy or abscess

Which of the following clinical presentations is MOST consistent with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)?

A. Pain around the umbilicus, low-grade fever, and generalized weakness

B. Lower abdominal pain, fever, general malaise, and foul-smelling vaginal discharge

C. Upper abdominal cramping, severe headache, and heavy vaginal bleeding

D. Left lower quadrant pain, referred pain to the left shoulder, and fever

B. lower abdominal pain, fever, general malaise, and foul-smelling vaginal discharge

When caring for a female patient who has been sexually assaulted, you should:

A. place any bloodstained clothing or other articles in separate paper bags.

B. allow law enforcement to take her statement before you begin treatment.

C. advise her that she will not be allowed to shower or change her clothes.

D. ask the patient for a concise, detailed report of what happened to her.

A. place any bloodstained clothing or other articles in separate paper bags

A 78-year-old female presents with an acute change in her behavior. The patient's son tells you that his mother has type 2 diabetes and was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease 6 months ago. The patient's speech is slurred, and she is not alert to her surroundings. You should:

A. conclude that the patient's blood sugar is high.

B. transport the patient to a psychiatric facility.

C. inquire about the possibility of head trauma.

D. allow the patient to refuse transport if she wishes.

C. inquire about the possibility of head trauma

Which of the following conditions or situations would MOST likely make excited delirium worse?

A. Limited physical contact

B. Elevated blood glucose

C. Dimly lit environment

D. Alcohol withdrawal

D. Alcohol withdrawal

In which position should you restrain a physically uncooperative patient?

A. With hands tied behind the back

B. Prone

C. Supine

D. With arms and legs bound together

C. Supine

You respond to a call for an unknown emergency. When you arrive at the scene, the patient's husband meets you at the door and states that his wife has been depressed and has locked herself in an upstairs bedroom. He further tells you that he keeps his handgun in the bedroom. You should:

A. get in your ambulance and leave the scene immediately.

B. remain in a safe place and request law enforcement.

C. go upstairs with caution and attempt to talk to the patient.

D. ask the husband to attempt to reason with his wife.

B. remain in a safe place and request law enforcement

Signs of excited delirium include:

A. slurred speech, bradycardia, and a high fever.

B. pallor, hypotension, and constricted pupils.

C. subdued behavior, crying, and suicidal thoughts.

D. diaphoresis, tachycardia, and hallucinations.

D. diaphoresis, tachycardia, and hallucinations

When caring for a patient experiencing excited delirium, the EMT should remember that:

A. sudden death can occur if the patient's violence is not controlled.

B. excited delirium is worsened by nervous system depressant drugs.

C. lights and siren are effective in redirecting the patient's behavior.

D. most patients will have low blood pressure and hyperglycemia.

A. sudden death can occur if the patient's violence is not controlled

Organic brain syndrome is defined as:

A. a dysfunction of the brain caused by abnormal physical or physiological function.

B. a change in behavior or mental status secondary to decreased cerebral blood flow.

C. bizarre behavior secondary to a chemical imbalance or disturbance in the brain.

D. a disorder that cannot be traced to the abnormal structure or function of an organ.

A. a dysfunction of the brain caused by abnormal physical or physiological function

A patient with a history of schizophrenia called EMS because he was experiencing abdominal pain. When law enforcement arrived, the patient became violent, necessitating the placement of handcuffs. When you assess the patient, he tells you that killing someone will make his abdominal pain go away. His vital signs are stable. How should you manage this situation?

A. Request that a police officer transport him to the hospital.

B. Transport the patient in a prone position on the stretcher.

C. Refuse to transport the patient because of his homicidal threat.

D. Request a police officer to accompany you in the ambulance.

D. Request a police officer to accompany you in the ambulance

A technique used to gain insight into a patient's thinking, which involves repeating in question form what the patient has said, is called:

A. intuitive listening.

B. passive listening.

C. active listening.

D. reflective listening.

D. reflective listening

Which of the following statements regarding the physical examination of a patient with a behavioral problem is correct?

A. It is only appropriate to perform a physical examination on a patient with a behavioral problem if he or she is unconscious or is being physically restrained.

B. Performing a physical examination on a patient with a behavioral problem will likely cause him or her to become violent and should be avoided in the field.

C. The physical examination of a patient with a behavioral problem often yields crucial information and should always be performed, even if the patient is violent.

D. Although the physical exam can be difficult, the patient's emotional state may be determined by noting facial expressions, pulse rate, and respirations.

D. Although the physical exam can be difficult, the patient's emotional state may be determined by noting facial expressions, pulse rate, and respirations

The term "behavioral crisis" is MOST accurately defined as:

A. a medical illness with psychological symptoms that may lead to limited motor functioning.

B. a sudden, violent outburst of an otherwise mentally stable person toward a family member.

C. a period of severe depression that lasts longer than 2 weeks and cannot be controlled with medications.

D. a situation in which a patient of any age exhibits agitated, violent, or uncooperative behavior.

D. a situation in which a patient of any age exhibits agitated, violent, or uncooperative behavior

The single most significant factor that contributes to suicide is:

A. depression.

B. advanced age.

C. drug abuse.

D. a chronic illness.

A. depression

General guidelines for managing a patient with a behavioral emergency include:

A. placing the patient between yourself and an exit.

B. being prepared to spend extra time with the patient.

C. firmly identifying yourself as an EMS provider.

D. allowing the patient to be alone if he or she wishes.

B. being prepared to spend extra time with the patient

Posttraumatic stress disorder can happen after:

A. extended periods of hyperthermia or hypothermia.

B. a bout with depression.

C. alcohol withdrawal.

D. exposure to or injury from a traumatic occurrence.

D. exposure to or injury from a traumatic occurrence

____________ is what you can see of a person's response to the environment.

A. Behavior

B. Neurosis

C. Psychosis

D. Affect

A. Behavior

You receive a call for a domestic dispute. When you arrive at the scene, you find a young male standing on the front porch of his house. You notice that an adjacent window is broken. The patient has a large body, is clenching his fists, and is yelling obscenities at you. Which of the following findings is LEAST predictive of this patient's potential for violence?

A. His clenched fists

B. His large body size

C. His shouting of obscenities

D. The broken window

B. His large body size

A 40-year-old male intentionally cut his wrist out of anger after losing his job. Law enforcement has secured the scene prior to your arrival. As you enter the residence and visualize the patient, you can see that he has a towel around his wrist and a moderate amount of blood has soaked through it. You should:

A. approach the patient with caution.

B. quickly tend to the bleeding wound.

C. tell the patient that you want to help.

D. calmly identify yourself to the patient.

D. calmly identify yourself to the patient

You are assessing a 45-year-old female who is severely depressed. She states that it seems as though her entire world is crashing down around her. She further states that she has had frequent thoughts of suicide, but is not sure if she can actually go through with it. How should you manage this situation?

A. Leave the scene and have a neighbor check in on her.

B. Encourage the patient to remain quiet during transport.

C. Ask the patient if she has developed a suicidal plan.

D. Have law enforcement place her in protective custody.

C. Ask the patient if she has developed a suicidal plan

A 38-year-old male with a history of schizophrenia is reported by neighbors to be screaming and throwing things in his house. You are familiar with the patient and have cared for him in the past for unrelated problems. Law enforcement officers escort you into the residence when you arrive. The patient tells you that he sees vampires and is attempting to ward them off by screaming and throwing things at them. He has several large lacerations to his forearms that are actively bleeding. The MOST appropriate way to manage this situation is to:

A. approach the patient and calm him by placing your hand on his shoulder.

B. request that the police officers arrest him and take him to the hospital.

C. try to gain the patient's trust by telling him that you see the vampires too.

D. restrain the patient with appropriate force in order to treat his injuries.

D. restrain the patient with appropriate force in order to treat his injuries

In contrast to a behavioral crisis, a behavioral health emergency occurs when a person:

A. experiences a sudden attack of panic secondary to a stressful situation.

B. experiences feelings of sadness and despair for longer than a month.

C. becomes agitated or violent and is a threat to him- or herself or others.

D. exhibits impaired functioning due to a chemical or genetic disturbance.

C. becomes agitated or violent and is a threat to him- or herself or others

Immediately after physically restraining a violent patient, the EMT should:

A. reassess the patient's airway and breathing.

B. inform medical control of the situation.

C. advise the patient why restraint was needed.

D. document the time the restraints were applied.

A. reassess the patient's airway and breathing

Law enforcement personnel request your assistance for a 30-year-old man who was pulled over for erratic driving. The patient became acutely violent while he was being questioned, which required one of the officers to subdue him with a Taser. When you arrive and assess the patient, you find that he is very agitated and is experiencing apparent hallucinations. His skin is flushed and diaphoretic. You should:

A. recognize that he is experiencing a complex psychiatric crisis, quickly load him into the ambulance, and transport without delay.

B. suspect that he is acutely hypoglycemic, consider giving him one tube of oral glucose, and transport with lights and siren.

C. limit physical contact with the patient as much as possible and avoid interrupting him if he is attempting to communicate with you.

D. quickly rule out any life-threatening conditions and then perform a detailed secondary assessment as he is being restrained.

C. limit physical contact with the patient as much as possible and avoid interrupting him if he is attempting to communicate with you

Common causes of acute psychotic behavior include all of the following, EXCEPT:

A. Alzheimer's disease.

B. schizophrenia.

C. mind-altering substance use.

D. intense stress.

A. Alzheimer's disease

You may not be able to determine whether a person has a mental illness, but you can predict the person's likelihood of becoming:

A. diabetic.

B. psychotic.

C. suicidal.

D. violent.

D. violent

Which of the following is an example of a functional behavioral disorder?

A. Alzheimer's disease

B. Schizophrenia

C. Drug addiction

D. Head trauma

B. Schizophrenia

When assessing a patient who is displaying bizarre behavior, the EMT should:

A. consider that an acute medical illness may be causing the patient's behavior.

B. check his or her blood glucose level only if he or she has a history of diabetes.

C. avoid asking questions about suicide because this may give the patient ideas.

D. carefully document his or her perception of what is causing the patient's behavior

A. consider that an acute medical illness may be causing the patient's behavior

You are assessing a conscious 55-year-old male with a sudden change in behavior. Which of the following clinical findings would be MOST suggestive of dysfunction of this patient's central nervous system?

A. An irregular pulse

B. Consistent eye contact

C. Excessive tearing or crying

D. Rapid eye movement

D. rapid eye movement

After ensuring his or her own safety, the EMT's next priority when caring for a patient with a behavioral emergency is to:

A. transport the patient directly to a specialized psychiatric facility.

B. determine the underlying cause of the problem and offer advice.

C. assess the patient's response to his or her environment.

D. diagnose the patient's problem and provide definitive treatment.

C. assess the patient's response to his or her environment

The first step in assessing a patient with a behavioral emergency is to:

A. obtain proper consent.

B. restrain the patient.

C. ensure your safety.

D. take vital signs.

C. ensure your safety

A 66-year-old male presents with bizarre behavior. His daughter states that he did not seem to recognize her and was very rude to her. The patient is conscious and has a patent airway and adequate breathing. You should:

A. ask the daughter how her father normally behaves.

B. advise the patient that his behavior is unacceptable.

C. carefully restrain the patient and transport at once.

D. conclude that the patient has Alzheimer's disease.

A. ask the daughter how her father normally behaves

People at risk for suicide include all of the following, EXCEPT:

A. married males older than 30 years.

B. those with a recent diagnosis of a serious illness.

C. substance abusers.

D. children with parents addicted to alcohol.

A. married males older than 30 years

A 22-year-old male with a history of clinical depression called 9-1-1 and stated that he has attempted to kill himself. Your unit and law enforcement officers arrive at the scene simultaneously. You find the patient lying supine on the living room floor. He is unresponsive and cyanotic. An empty bottle of hydromorphone (Dilaudid) is found on an adjacent table. You should:

A. ask the police to handcuff the patient for safety purposes.

B. open the patient's airway and assess his respirations.

C. provide care after determining what Dilaudid is used for.

D. wait for the police to examine him before providing care.

B. open the patient's airway and assess his respirations

A physiologic disorder that impairs bodily function when the body seems to be structurally normal is called a:

A. drug and alcohol abuse

B. traumatic brain injury

C. seizure

D. functional disorder

D. functional disorder

It is MOST important for the EMT to remember that suicidal patients may:

A. have a definitive plan.

B. inject illicit drugs.

C. be self-destructive.

D. be homicidal as well.

D. be homicidal as well

When assessing a patient with a behavioral crisis, you should:

A. be direct and clearly state your intentions.

B. frisk the patient for the presence of weapons.

C. spend as little time with the patient as possible.

D. ask the police to handcuff the patient for safety

A. be direct and clearly state your intentions

Atropine sulfate and pralidoxime chloride are antidotes for:

A. diphenhydramine (Benadryl).

B. lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD).

C. nerve gas agents.

D. anticholinergic drugs.

C. nerve gas agents

A 4-year-old, 15-kg male ingested an unknown quantity of acetaminophen (Tylenol). The child's mother states that she does not know when the ingestion occurred. The child is conscious and alert and in no apparent distress. The EMT should:

A. contact medical control for guidance.

B. give the child milk to absorb the Tylenol.

C. administer high-flow supplemental oxygen.

D. administer 15 g of activated charcoal.

D. administer 15 g of activated charcoal

Which of the following drugs is not a sedative-hypnotic?

A. secobarbital (Seconal)

B. flunitrazepam (Rohypnol)

C. diazepam (Valium)

D. oxycodone (Percocet)

D. oxycodone (Percocet)

In general, injected poisons are impossible to dilute or remove because they:

A. react with the blood, which increases their toxicity.

B. absorb slowly into the body, despite their potency.

C. are usually absorbed quickly into the body.

D. are usually fatal within 30 minutes of exposure.

C. are usually absorbed quickly into the body

You respond to a local motel for a young female who was sexually assaulted. The patient is conscious but confused. She tells you that the last thing she remembers was drinking beer at a club with her friends the night before. When she awoke, she was in the bed of the motel room. You should suspect that this patient:

A. has a hangover from the night before.

B. is a frequent and heavy heroin user.

C. was given flunitrazepam (Rohypnol).

D. is addicted to a benzodiazepine drug.

C. was given flunitrazepam (Rohypnol)

A person who routinely misuses a substance and requires increasing amounts to achieve the same effect is experiencing:

A. addiction.

B. tolerance.

C. withdrawal.

D. dependence.

B. tolerance

Before giving activated charcoal, you should:

A. mix it with an equal amount of water.

B. have the patient drink a glass of milk.

C. obtain approval from medical control.

D. mix the suspension by stirring the bottle.

C. obtain approval from medical control

Your paramedic partner administers atropine to a 49-year-old male with bradycardia. Which of the following side effects would you expect the patient to experience?

A. Pupillary constriction

B. Excessive lacrimation

C. Dry mucous membranes

D. A fall in blood pressure

C. dry mucous membranes

You respond to a college campus for a young male who is acting strangely. After law enforcement has secured the scene, you enter the patient's dorm room and find him sitting on the edge of the bed; he appears agitated. As you approach him, you note that he has dried blood around both nostrils. He is breathing adequately, his pulse is rapid and irregular, and his blood pressure is 200/110 mm Hg. Treatment for this patient includes:

A. requesting a paramedic to administer naloxone (Narcan).

B. assisting his ventilations with a bag-mask device.

C. attempting to calm him and giving him oxygen if tolerated.

D. asking law enforcement to place handcuffs on the patient.

C. attempting to calm him and giving him oxygen if tolerated

It is most important to determine a patient's weight when asking questions pertaining to a toxic ingestion because:

A. this will allow you to determine if the exposure is lethal.

B. activated charcoal is given based on a patient's weight.

C. naloxone is contraindicated if the patient is very obese.

D. you might need additional lifting and moving assistance.

B. activated charcoal is given based on a patient's weight

Airborne substances should be diluted with:

A. oxygen.

B. an alkaline antidote.

C. activated charcoal.

D. syrup of ipecac.

A. oxygen

Activated charcoal may be indicated for a patient who ingested:

A. aspirin.

B. methanol.

C. ethanol.

D. iron.

A. aspirin

A 3-year-old female ingested several leaves from a plant in the living room. The child's mother is not sure what type of plant it is, stating that she bought it simply because it was pretty. After completing your primary assessment of the child, you should:

A. induce vomiting with syrup of ipecac.

B. administer 25 g of activated charcoal.

C. immediately transport the child to the hospital.

D. contact the regional poison control center.

D. contact the regional poison control center

Heroin is an example of a(n):

A. sympathomimetic.

B. opioid.

C. cholinergic.

D. hypnotic.

B. opioid

A patient who presents with rapid breathing, nausea and vomiting, ringing in the ears, and hyperthermia should be suspected of ingesting a significant quantity of:

A. ibuprofen.

B. aspirin.

C. acetaminophen.

D. cocaine.

B. aspirin

The major side effect associated with administration of activated charcoal is:

A. abdominal pain.

B. black stools.

C. headache.

D. ringing in the ears.

B. black stools

The poison control center will provide you with the most information regarding the appropriate treatment for a patient with a drug overdose if the center:

A. knows the location of the closest hospital.

B. knows why the patient overdosed on the drug.

C. is aware of the substance that is involved.

D. is aware of the patient's age and gender.

C. is aware of the substance that is involved

A hypnotic drug is one that:

A. increases the pulse.

B. induces sleep.

C. increases the senses.

D. prevents amnesia.

B. induces sleep

A construction worker complains of intense pain after a bag of dry powder was spilled on his arm. The EMT should:

A. brush the chemical from his arm and then flush the skin with water.

B. brush the chemical from his arm and cover it with a sterile dressing.

C. immediately flush the skin with clean water for 15 to 20 minutes.

D. cover the exposed area with a sterile dressing and elevate his arm.

A. brush the chemical from his arm and then flush the skin with water

An overdose of acetaminophen, the active ingredient in Tylenol, will most likely cause:

A. acute kidney failure.

B. bleeding gastric ulcers.

C. liver damage and failure.

D. central nervous system depression.

C. liver damage and failure

A 49-year-old male presents with confusion, sweating, and visual hallucinations. The patient's wife tells you that he is a heavy drinker and that he might have had a seizure shortly before your arrival. This patient is most likely experiencing:

A. delirium tremens.

B. acute schizophrenia.

C. alcohol intoxication.

D. acute hypovolemia.

A. delirium tremens

Naloxone (Narcan) would reverse the effects of:

A. hydromorphone (Dilaudid).

B. phenobarbital (Luminal).

C. temazepam (Restoril).

D. diazepam (Valium).

A. hydromorphone (Dilaudid)

Your priority in caring for a patient with a surface contact poisoning is to:

A. move the patient to a safe area.

B. decontaminate the patient's skin.

C. obtain and maintain a patent airway.

D. avoid contaminating yourself.

D. avoid contaminating yourself

You receive a call to a residence where a man found his wife unresponsive on the couch. The patient's respiratory rate is 8 breaths/min, her breathing is shallow, her heart rate is 40 beats/min, and her pulse is weak. The husband hands you an empty bottle of hydrocodone (Vicodin), which was refilled the day before. You should:

A. contact the poison control center.

B. ventilate her with a bag-mask device.

C. apply oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask.

D. perform a rapid head-to-toe exam.

B. ventilate her with a bag-mask device

Which of the following statements regarding the Salmonella bacterium is correct?

A. Refrigeration of food will prevent salmonellosis.

B. The Salmonella bacterium produces toxins that cause food poisoning.

C. The Salmonella bacterium itself causes food poisoning.

D. Symptoms of salmonellosis appear within 12 hours.

C. the Salmonella bacterium itself causes food poisoning