Secular Ethics Quiz

Aristotle

virtue ethicist who studied under plate, has scientific background - studied/"invented" telos/telology

Emmanuel Kant / Deontology

Special deontologist, where circumstances do not matter and only cares about internal obligations you set for yourself - Categorical Imperatives (Commands) 1. "I must act as if maxim of my action were to become universal law" and 2. "You must never use another human beings as a means to an end"

Mill / Utilitarianism

Maximizing happiness and pleasure for the greatest number of people - "happiness" - you ones know impact of decision until you see consequences after

Telos/Telology

Every being has a purpose, a final purpose/reason for existing. - The final purpose for like things are the same: "If I know why I exists, I will know what to do" - All beings on Earth are in motion moving towards their goal/final purpose (unmovable mover) - our reason for existing = eudamonia

Eudamonia

Human tells (our reason/our objective for existing according to teleology) - soul flourishing, acting virtuously, being one with the unmovable mover

Human Purpose (Teleology)

Achieve eudaemonia, soul-flourishing, get closer to unmovable mover, act virtuously - our actions will move us closer or further away

Doctrine of Mean

How we figure out what to do - what's between 2 extremes - different for every person

Virtue Ethics

Knowing who you are, making a decision based on who you want to be - know your goal and always work towards the person you want to be

Deontologism

follows their obligations to decide what to do - "duty" - would never lie, honesty in actions - think rules and obligations

Consequentialism

What consequences will benefit the most people? - less benefit = unethical - results based but not solely happiness focused

Rights Ethics

Method in solving an ethical dilemma: 1. Determine who has rights. 2. Determine whose rights are most important (priority). 3, Honor that person's rights

Intuitionism

Based on one's own sense of what is right or wrong - Used is small, personal decisions - can get mixed up with feelings