chapter 7 endocrine nursing

adenalgia

pain in a gland

adrenal virilism

development of male secondary sexual characteristics caused by excessive secretion of adrenal gland

adrenarche

beginning of adrenal secretion

hirsutism

excessive growth of facial and body hair in women

amenorrhea

lack of menstrual

gynecomastia

development of breast tissue in males

hypergonadism

condition of excessive sex gland secretion

hypogonadism

condition of under secretion of sex glands

menarche

beginning of first mensturation

thelarche

beginning of breast development

hypoglycemic

pertaining to low blood sugar

pancreatalgia

pain in the pancreas

polydipsia

excessive thirst

polyphagia

excessive eating

polyuria

excessive urination

acromegaly

abnormal enlargement of the extremities

galactorrhea

discharge of milk

pituitary dwarfism

abnormally short height due to undersection of GH from pituitary gland

pituitary gigantism

abnormally tall height due to over secretion of GH from pituitary gland

exophthalmos

protrusion of the eyes out of the eye socket

goiter

swollen thyroid gland

thyrocele

swollen thyroid gland

thyromegaly

enlargement of the thyroid

thyroptosis

downward displacement of thyroid (drooping)

acidemia

abnormal acidity of the blood

alkalemia

abnormal alkalinity of the blood

calciuria

calcium in the urine

cholemia

increased chloride in the blood

euglycemia

good blood sugar

glucosuria

sugar in the urine

hypercalcemia

excessive calcium in the blood

hypercholesterolemia

excessive cholesterol in the blood

hyperglycemia

high blood sugar

hyperkalemia

excessive potassium in the blood

hyperlipidemia

excessive fat in the blood

hypernatremia

excessive sodium in the blood

hypophosphatemia

excessive phosphate in the blood

hypoglycemia

low blood sugar

ketonuria

ketone in bodies of the urine

polyuria

excessive urination

uremia

presence of urinary waste in the blood

adrenaline

hormone secreted by the adrenal gland

epinephrine

hormone secreted by the adrenal gland

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

hormone secreted by pituitary gland that stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland

corticotropin

shorter name for ATCH

glucagon

hormone secreted by pancreas that stimulates the liver to increase blood sugar levels

glucocorticoid

hormone produced by adrenal cortex with a role in carbohydrate metabolism

gonadotropin

hormone that stimulates the gonads

insulin

hormone secreted by the pancreas that controls the metabolism and uptake of sugar and fats

thyrotropin

hormone that stimulates the thyroid

adenomegaly

abnormal enlargement of a gland

adrenomegaly

abnormal enlargement of the adrenal gland

euthyroid

normal functioning thyroid

gluconeogenesis

formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources

glycolysis

breakdown of sugar

glycopenia

deficiency of sugar

gonadogenesis

creation/development of gonads

metabolism

breakdown of matter into energy

endocrine

to secrete internally

endocrinologist

specialist in internal secretions

exocrine

to secrete externally

glycemic index

ranking of food based on the way it affects sugar levels in the blood

ketogenesis

creation of ketone bodies

cholangiopancreatography

procedure used to examine the bile ducts and pancreas

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

procedure to examine the bile ducts and pancreas where an endoscope is passed backward from digestive tract to bile duct

adenitis

inflammation of a gland

adenopathy

gland disease

adenosis

gland condition

dysmetabolic syndrome

combination of medical disorders associated with faulty metabolism

ketosis

condition characterized by elevated levels of ketone bodies in the blood

polyadenopathy

disease involving many glands

adrenal insufficiency

condition where adrenal glands underproduce necessary hormones

adrenalitis

inflammation of the adrenal gland

adrenocortical insufficiency

condition where adrenal cortex underproduces necessary hormones

adrenocorticohyperplasia

overdevelopment of the cortex of the adrenal gland

congenital adrenal hyperplasia

genetic disease where adrenal gland is overdeveloped, resulting in deficiency of some hormones and overdevelopment of others

diabetes mellitus

metabolic disease of excessive urination and hyperglycemia

diabetic ketoacidosis

acidity of blood caused by presence of ketone bodies when body cannot burn sugar; thus it must burn fat for energy

pancreatic pseudocyst

abnormally expanded area in the pancreas resembling a cyst

pancreatitis

inflammation of the pancreas

pancreatolith

store in the pancreas

pancreatolithiasis

presence of a stone in the pancreas

hyperpituitarism

over functioning of the pituitary gland

hypophysitis

inflammation of the pituitary gland

hypopitiutarism

condition caused by under secretion of pituitary gland

panhypopituitarism

defective or absent function of entire pituitary gland

pituitary infarction

death of pituitary gland

hyperparathyroidism

overproduction by the parathyroid glands

hyperthyroidism

overproduction by the thyroid

hypoparathyroidism

underproduction by the parathyroid

hypothyroidism

underproduction of the thyroid

thyroiditis

inflammation of the thyriod

thyrotoxicosis

condition from exposure of body tissue to excessive levels of thyroid hormone

adenocarcinoma

cancerous tumor of a gland

adenoma

glandular tumor

adrenal adenoma

tumor of the adrenal gland

adrenocortical carcinoma

cancerous tumor originating in the cortex of the adrenal gland

insulinoma

tumor that secretes insulin

parathyroidoma

tumor of the parathyroid

pituitary adenoma

tumor on the pituitary gland