ADA Criteria for Diabetes Mellitus and Abnormal Glucose Homeostasis

Vocabulary flashcards covering the American Diabetes Association (ADA) diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus and the categories of abnormal glucose homeostasis (prediabetes).

Random Blood Glucose Diagnostic Criterion (ADA)

Symptoms of diabetes plus a random blood glucose concentration of $\ge 200\,\text{mg/dL}$.

Fasting Plasma Glucose Diagnostic Criterion (ADA)

Fasting plasma glucose of $\ge 126\,\text{mg/dL}$, where fasting is defined as no caloric intake for at least $8\,\text{hours}$.

Haemoglobin A1c Diagnostic Criterion (ADA)

A haemoglobin A1c measurement of $\ge 6.5\%$.

Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Criterion (ADA)

A 2-hour plasma glucose level of $\ge 200\,\text{mg/dL}$ during an oral glucose tolerance test.

Fasting

Defined in the context of plasma glucose testing as no caloric intake for at least $8\,\text{hours}$.

Abnormal Glucose Homeostasis

Also called prediabetes or intermediate hyperglycemia; a condition in individuals without overt diabetes who are at an increased risk of developing diabetes mellitus.

Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT)

Blood glucose levels between $140\,\text{mg/dL}$ and $199\,\text{mg/dL}$ following an oral glucose challenge.

Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG)

A fasting blood glucose level between $100\,\text{mg/dL}$ and $125\,\text{mg/dL}$.

Prediabetes HbA1c Range

An HbA1c concentration between $5.7\%$ and $6.4\%$.